Embedded system in Smart Cards
- 1. Case Study of an Embedded System for a Smart Card By: Swathi Shetty 7478 Sanjana Patil 7465 Rebecca D’souza 7438 Shannon D’cunha 7433 TE-IT(2016-17)
- 2. What is a Smart Card? Plastic card with embedded microprocessor chip, electronic memory, and a battery. Used for information storage and management and authentication.. Of the several types of smart cards, some are contact- less (do not require to be swiped through a magnetic stripe reader) whereas others require contact with the reader.
- 3. Types of Smart Cards • Embossed Cards • Magnetic Stripe Cards • Memory Cards • Optical Memory Cards • Microprocessors Cards • Cryptographic Co-processor Cards • Contactless Smart Cards • Contact Cards Contactless Smart Card Memory Card Magnetic Stripe CardCryptographic Smart CardsTypical Modules
- 4. Applications of Smart Card
- 5. Construction of a Smart card • Designing is the first step to construct a smart card which consists of following specifications such as clock speed, volatile memory types, memory size, type of operating system and specifying the application software, card type, size, functioning and some more additional features. • Chip fabrication is the second step which includes silicon chip mounting on an epoxy glass substrate with the help of gold plated connectors and a die. The silicon chip is mixed up to the connectors by using connecting wires or by using flip flop technology. The chip placed on the substrate is sealed by using epoxy resin and then glued to the card substrate. The card can be either polyester based or PVC based plastic card. • Loading the code into memory is third step by using special commands through recommended software. • Data loading into memory is the fourth step which stores the data related to the single person
- 6. Basic Working of a Smart Card A smart card is connected to the host computer or controller via a card reader which gets information from the smart card and accordingly passes the information to the host computer or controller. For example:
- 7. Chips being used • Vcc - Gives the biasing voltage to the smart card. • RST - Resets the data stored in the smart card. • CLK - Provides clock signals for the operations. • GND - Provides ground as usual. • Vpp - Provides the programming voltage to the EEPROM. Not used commonly now as modern cards are capable of generating programming voltage by itself when comes in contact with the reader. • I/P - Input Port. • O/P - Output Port. • AUX 1/2 - Auxilliary contacts,used by USB.
- 8. Embedded Hardware Components • Microcontroller or ASIP • RAM for temporary variables and Stack • OTP ROM for application codes and RTOS codes for scheduling the tasks • Flash for storing user data, user address, user identification codes, card number and expiry date • Timer and interrupt controller • A carrier frequency generating circuit and ASK modulator • Interfacing circuit for the IOs. • Charge pumps for delivering power to the antenna for transmissions and system circuits.
- 9. No Yes