History of computer(niwre87)
- 1. History of Computers Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 2. History of Computers The Abacus is just an aid used by computers (humans) to perform calculations such as addition and subtraction. Very Old Abacus Modern Abacus Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 3. History of Computers Just like the Abacus, Napier’s Bones is just an aid in computing. They are not computers. They are used in calculating logarithms. Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 4. History of Computers The Calculating Clock is the first-gear driven calculating machine invented by a German inventor, Wilhelm Schickard in 1623. Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 5. History of Computers By 1822 the English mathematician Charles Babbage was proposing a steam driven calculating machine the size of a room, which he called the Difference Engine. This machine would be able to compute tables of numbers, such as logarithm tables. Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 6. History of Computers Babbage’s Difference Engine was not finished due to lack of funding but he was not deterred and made the device called Analytic Engine. The Analytic Engine also had a key function that distinguishes computers from calculators: the conditional statement. Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 7. History of Computers Lady Augusta Ada King Byron – the first female computer programmer invented the subroutine and was the first to recognize the importance of looping Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 8. History of Computers The Hollerith Desk was invented by a Herman Hollerith. The Hollerith Desk was used in the automation of the 1890 US census. Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 9. History of Computers The Harvard Mark I - This was the first programmable digital computer made in the U.S in 1944. Invented by Howard Aiken Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 10. History of Computers One of the primary programmers for the Mark I was a woman, Grace Murray Hopper. She found the first computer "bug": a dead moth that had gotten into the Mark I and whose wings were blocking the reading of the holes in the paper tape. The word "bug" had been used to describe a defect since at least 1889 but Hopper is credited with coining the word "debugging" to describe the work to eliminate program faults. invented the first high-level language, also constructed the world's first compiler Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO Picture
- 11. History of Computers One of the primary programmers for the Mark I was a woman, Grace Murray Hopper. She found the first computer "bug": a dead moth that had gotten into the Mark I and whose wings were blocking the reading of the holes in the paper tape. The word "bug" had been used to describe a defect since at least 1889 but Hopper is credited with coining the word "debugging" to describe the work to eliminate program faults. invented the first high-level language, also constructed the world's first compiler Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO Back
- 12. History of Computers The ENIAC - John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert built the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC). • It was the first general- purpose electronic computer. • used for military purposes Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 13. History of Computers EDVAC - An improvement of ENIAC. Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer (EDVAC). Designed by John von Neumann and was considered as the first stored program computer Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 14. History of Computers UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) - Developed by Mauchly and Eckert - built in 1951 - first used by the US Bureau of Census Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 15. History of Computers developed by Walter Houser Brattain, John Bardeen and William Bradford it is small crystal device containing semiconductors such as silicon that controls the flow of electricity in computers, radios, television sets and other electronic equipment. Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 16. History of Computers In 1960, The PDP-1 (Program Processor-1) was the first minicomputer and the first commercial computer equipped with keyboard and monitor. - first successful minicomputer Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 17. History of Computers In 1962, Douglas Engelbert invented the mouse-pointing device for computers. Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 18. History of Computers Integrated Circuit (IC) – consisted of tiny transistors and other electrical components are arranged on a single flake of silicon. # it also called chip, a tiny piece covered with thousands or millions of electric circuits through which millions of tiny currents of electricity pass. # It was invented by Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce in 1958 Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO Picture
- 19. History of Computers Integrated Circuit (IC) – consisted of tiny transistors and other electrical components are arranged on a single flake of silicon. # it also called chip, a tiny piece covered with thousands or millions of electric circuits through which millions of tiny currents of electricity pass. # It was invented by Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce in 1958 Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO Back
- 20. History of Computers In 1967, the first floppy disk was built by Allan Shugart of IBM. It used an 8-inch plastic disk coated with iron oxide where data could be stored. Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 21. History of Computers • it is the introduction of large – scale integrated (LSI) circuits and very large scale (VLSI) circuits called microprocessor. Microprocessor - is an integrated circuit contains thousands of transistors. 4 – bit 108 kHz Intel 4004 – the first general – purpose microprocessor designed by Marcia Hoff and created by Intel Corp. Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 22. History of Computers – developed by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak - It became the popular brand of microcomputers. Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 23. History of Computers – they could run most or all the software’s designed for the IBM PC - personal computer is the trademark to the IBM PC and it is another name for microcomputer. Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 24. History of Computers In 1989, Timothy Berners- Lee created the technology underlying the World Wide Web (www) or the Internet. Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO
- 25. History of Computers End Abacus Napier’s Bones Calculating Clock Difference Engine Analytic Engine Lady Augusta Ada King Byron Hollerith Desk Harvard Mark I Grace Murray Hopper ENIAC EDVAC UNIVAC TRANSISTOR PDP-1 Mouse Integrated Circuit Floppy Disk Microprocessor Apple I IBM PC World Wide Web ASIMO