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Figure axis labels are often a source of confusion. Use I.Equations
words rather than symbols. As an example, write the quantity Number equations consecutively with equation numbers in
“Magnetization,” or “Magnetization M,” not just “M.” Put parentheses flush with the right margin, as in (1). First use
units in parentheses. Do not label axes only with units. As in the equation editor to create the equation. Then select the
Fig. 1, for example, write “Magnetization (A/m)” or “Equation” markup style. Press the tab key and write the
“Magnetization (A ⋅ m−1),” not just “A/m.” Do not label axes equation number in parentheses. To make your equations
with a ratio of quantities and units. For example, write more compact, you may use the solidus ( / ), the exp
“Temperature (K),” not “Temperature/K.” function, or appropriate exponents. Use parentheses to avoid
Multipliers can be especially confusing. Write ambiguities in denominators. Punctuate equations when they
“Magnetization (kA/m)” or “Magnetization (103 A/m).” Do are part of a sentence, as in
not write “Magnetization (A/m) × 1000” because the reader
would not know whether the top axis label in Fig. 1 meant r2
16000 A/m or 0.016 A/m. Figure labels should be legible, ∫ 0
F ( r , ϕ ) dr dϕ = [σ r2 / ( 2 µ0 )]
(1)
approximately 8 to 12 point type. ∞
⋅∫ exp( −λ | z j − zi | ) λ−1 J 1 ( λ r2 ) J 0 ( λ ri ) dλ .
0
G.References
Number citations consecutively in square brackets [1]. The Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been
sentence punctuation follows the brackets [2]. Multiple defined before the equation appears or immediately
references [2], [3] are each numbered with separate brackets following. Italicize symbols (T might refer to temperature,
[1]–[3]. When citing a section in a book, please give the but T is the unit tesla). Refer to “(1),” not “Eq. (1)” or
relevant page numbers [2]. In sentences, refer simply to the “equation (1),” except at the beginning of a sentence:
reference number, as in [3]. Do not use “Ref. [3]” or “Equation (1) is ... .”
“reference [3]” except at the beginning of a sentence:
“Reference [3] shows ... .” Unfortunately the IEEE document J.Other Recommendations
translator cannot handle automatic endnotes in Word; Use one space after periods and colons. Hyphenate
therefore, type the reference list at the end of the paper using complex modifiers: “zero-field-cooled magnetization.”
the “References” style. Avoid dangling participles, such as, “Using (1), the potential
Number footnotes separately in superscripts (Insert | was calculated.” [It is not clear who or what used (1).] Write
Footnote). 1 Place the actual footnote at the bottom of the instead, “The potential was calculated by using (1),” or
column in which it is cited; do not put footnotes in the “Using (1), we calculated the potential.”
reference list (endnotes). Use letters for table footnotes (see Use a zero before decimal points: “0.25,” not “.25.” Use
Table I). “cm 3,” not “cc.” Indicate sample dimensions as “0.1 cm × 0.2
Please note that the references at the end of this document cm,” not “0.1 × 0.2 cm2.” The abbreviation for “seconds” is
are in the preferred referencing style. Give all authors’ “s,” not “sec.” Do not mix complete spellings and
names; do not use “et al.” unless there are six authors or abbreviations of units: use “Wb/m 2” or “webers per square
more. Use a space after authors' initials. Papers that have not meter,” not “webers/m 2.” When expressing a range of values,
been published should be cited as “unpublished” [4]. Papers write “7 to 9” or “7-9,” not “7~9.”
that have been submitted for publication should be cited as A parenthetical statement at the end of a sentence is
“submitted for publication” [5]. Papers that have been punctuated outside of the closing parenthesis (like this). (A
accepted for publication, but not yet specified for an issue parenthetical sentence is punctuated within the parentheses.)
should be cited as “to be published” [6]. Please give In American English, periods and commas are within
affiliations and addresses for private communications [7]. quotation marks, like “this period.” Other punctuation is
Capitalize only the first word in a paper title, except for “outside”! Avoid contractions; for example, write “do not”
proper nouns and element symbols. For papers published in instead of “don’t.” The serial comma is preferred: “A, B, and
translation journals, please give the English citation first, C” instead of “A, B and C.”
followed by the original foreign-language citation [8]. If you wish, you may write in the first person singular or
H.Abbreviations and Acronyms plural and use the active voice (“I observed that ...” or “We
observed that ...” instead of “It was observed that ...”).
Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are Remember to check spelling. If your native language is not
used in the text, even after they have already been defined in English, please get a native English-speaking colleague to
the abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, ac, and dc do proofread your paper.
not have to be defined. Abbreviations that incorporate
periods should not have spaces: write “C.N.R.S.,” not “C. N.
R. S.” Do not use abbreviations in the title unless they are
SOME COMMON MISTAKES
unavoidable (for example, “IEEE” in the title of this article).
The word “data” is plural, not singular. The subscript for
the permeability of vacuum µ0 is zero, not a lowercase letter
“o.” The term for residual magnetization is “remanence”; the
1
It is recommended that footnotes be avoided (except for the unnumbered adjective is “remanent”; do not write “remnance” or
footnote with the receipt date on the first page). Instead, try to integrate the
footnote information into the text. “remnant.” Use the word “micrometer” instead of “micron.”](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ieee3484-120305014524-phpapp02/85/ieee-4-320.jpg)
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A graph within a graph is an “inset,” not an “insert.” The PUBLICATION PRINCIPLES
word “alternatively” is preferred to the word “alternately” The contents of IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS are
(unless you really mean something that alternates). Use the peer-reviewed and archival. The TRANSACTIONS publishes
word “whereas” instead of “while” (unless you are referring scholarly articles of archival value as well as tutorial
to simultaneous events). Do not use the word “essentially” to expositions and critical reviews of classical subjects and
mean “approximately” or “effectively.” Do not use the word topics of current interest.
“issue” as a euphemism for “problem.” When compositions Authors should consider the following points:
are not specified, separate chemical symbols by en-dashes; 1) Technical papers submitted for publication must advance
for example, “NiMn” indicates the intermetallic compound the state of knowledge and must cite relevant prior work.
Ni0.5Mn0.5 whereas “Ni–Mn” indicates an alloy of some 2) The length of a submitted paper should be commensurate
composition NixMn1-x. with the importance, or appropriate to the complexity, of
Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones the work. For example, an obvious extension of
“affect” (usually a verb) and “effect” (usually a noun), previously published work might not be appropriate for
“complement” and “compliment,” “discreet” and “discrete,” publication or might be adequately treated in just a few
“principal” (e.g., “principal investigator”) and “principle” pages.
(e.g., “principle of measurement”). Do not confuse “imply” 3) Authors must convince both peer reviewers and the
and “infer.” editors of the scientific and technical merit of a paper;
Prefixes such as “non,” “sub,” “micro,” “multi,” and the standards of proof are higher when extraordinary or
“"ultra” are not independent words; they should be joined to unexpected results are reported.
the words they modify, usually without a hyphen. There is no 4) Because replication is required for scientific progress,
period after the “et” in the Latin abbreviation “et al.” (it is papers submitted for publication must provide sufficient
also italicized). The abbreviation “i.e.,” means “that is,” and information to allow readers to perform similar
the abbreviation “e.g.,” means “for example” (these experiments or calculations and use the reported results.
abbreviations are not italicized). Although not everything need be disclosed, a paper must
An excellent style manual and source of information for contain new, useable, and fully described information.
science writers is [9]. A general IEEE style guide, For example, a specimen's chemical composition need
Information for Authors, is available at not be reported if the main purpose of a paper is to
http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/transactions/informat introduce a new measurement technique. Authors should
ion.htm expect to be challenged by reviewers if the results are
not supported by adequate data and critical details.
5) Papers that describe ongoing work or announce the latest
EDITORIAL POLICY technical achievement, which are suitable for
Submission of a manuscript is not required for presentation at a professional conference, may not be
participation in a conference. Do not submit a reworked appropriate for publication in a T RANSACTIONS or
version of a paper you have submitted or published JOURNAL.
elsewhere. Do not publish “preliminary” data or results. The
submitting author is responsible for obtaining agreement of
all coauthors and any consent required from sponsors before CONCLUSION
submitting a paper. IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS A conclusion section is not required. Although a
strongly discourage courtesy authorship. It is the obligation conclusion may review the main points of the paper, do not
of the authors to cite relevant prior work. replicate the abstract as the conclusion. A conclusion might
The Transactions and Journals Department does not elaborate on the importance of the work or suggest
publish conference records or proceedings. The applications and extensions.
TRANSACTIONS does publish papers related to conferences
that have been recommended for publication on the basis of APPENDIX
peer review. As a matter of convenience and service to the
technical community, these topical papers are collected and Appendixes, if needed, appear before the
published in one issue of the TRANSACTIONS. acknowledgment.
At least two reviews are required for every paper
submitted. For conference-related papers, the decision to ACKNOWLEDGMENT
accept or reject a paper is made by the conference editors and The preferred spelling of the word “acknowledgment” in
publications committee; the recommendations of the referees American English is without an “e” after the “g.” Use the
are advisory only. Undecipherable English is a valid reason singular heading even if you have many acknowledgments.
for rejection. Authors of rejected papers may revise and Avoid expressions such as “One of us (S.B.A.) would like to
resubmit them to the T RANSACTIONS as regular papers, thank ... .” Instead, write “F. A. Author thanks ... .” Sponsor
whereupon they will be reviewed by two new referees. and financial support acknowledgments are placed in the
unnumbered footnote on the first page.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ieee3484-120305014524-phpapp02/85/ieee-5-320.jpg)
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REFERENCES [30] R. J. Vidmar. (1992, August). On the use of atmospheric plasmas as
electromagnetic reflectors. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. [Online]. 21(3). pp.
[1] G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics (Book style with 876—880. Available: http://www.halcyon.com/pub/journals/21ps03-
paper title and editor),” in Plastics, 2nd ed. vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New vidmar
York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15–64.
[2] W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems (Book style). Belmont, CA:
Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135.
[3] H. Poor, An Introduction to Signal Detection and Estimation. New
York: Springer-Verlag, 1985, ch. 4. First A. Author (M’76–SM’81–F’87) and the other authors may include
[4] B. Smith, “An approach to graphs of linear forms (Unpublished work biographies at the end of regular papers. Biographies are often not included in
style),” unpublished. conference-related papers. This author became a Member (M) of IEEE in
[5] E. H. Miller, “A note on reflector arrays (Periodical style—Accepted for 1976, a Senior Member (SM) in 1981, and a Fellow (F) in 1987. The first
publication),” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., to be published. paragraph may contain a place and/or date of birth (list place, then date).
[6] J. Wang, “Fundamentals of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers arrays Next, the author’s educational background is listed. The degrees should be
(Periodical style—Submitted for publication),” IEEE J. Quantum listed with type of degree in what field, which institution, city, state or
Electron., submitted for publication. country, and year degree was earned. The author’s major field of study should
[7] C. J. Kaufman, Rocky Mountain Research Lab., Boulder, CO, private be lower-cased.
communication, May 1995. The second paragraph uses the pronoun of the person (he or she) and not
[8] Y. Yorozu, M. Hirano, K. Oka, and Y. Tagawa, “Electron spectroscopy the author’s last name. It lists military and work experience, including
studies on magneto-optical media and plastic substrate summer and fellowship jobs. Job titles are capitalized. The current job must
interfaces(Translation Journals style),” IEEE Transl. J. Magn.Jpn., vol. have a location; previous positions may be listed without one. Information
2, Aug. 1987, pp. 740–741 [Dig. 9th Annu. Conf. Magnetics Japan, 1982, concerning previous publications may be included. Try not to list more than
p. 301]. three books or published articles. The format for listing publishers of a book
[9] M. Young, The Techincal Writers Handbook. Mill Valley, CA: within the biography is: title of book (city, state: publisher name, year) similar
University Science, 1989. to a reference. Current and previous research interests ends the paragraph.
[10] J. U. Duncombe, “Infrared navigation—Part I: An assessment of The third paragraph begins with the author’s title and last name (e.g., Dr.
feasibility (Periodical style),” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. ED-11, Smith, Prof. Jones, Mr. Kajor, Ms. Hunter). List any memberships in
pp. 34–39, Jan. 1959. professional societies other than the IEEE. Finally, list any awards and work
for IEEE committees and publications. If a photograph is provided, the
[11] S. Chen, B. Mulgrew, and P. M. Grant, “A clustering technique for biography will be indented around it. The photograph is placed at the top left
digital communications channel equalization using radial basis function of the biography. Personal hobbies will be deleted from the biography.
networks,” IEEE Trans. Neural Networks, vol. 4, pp. 570–578, July
1993.
[12] R. W. Lucky, “Automatic equalization for digital communication,” Bell
Syst. Tech. J., vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 547–588, Apr. 1965.
[13] S. P. Bingulac, “On the compatibility of adaptive controllers (Published
Conference Proceedings style),” in Proc. 4th Annu. Allerton Conf.
Circuits and Systems Theory, New York, 1994, pp. 8–16.
[14] G. R. Faulhaber, “Design of service systems with priority reservation,”
in Conf. Rec. 1995 IEEE Int. Conf. Communications, pp. 3–8.
[15] W. D. Doyle, “Magnetization reversal in films with biaxial anisotropy,”
in 1987 Proc. INTERMAG Conf., pp. 2.2-1–2.2-6.
[16] G. W. Juette and L. E. Zeffanella, “Radio noise currents n short sections
on bundle conductors (Presented Conference Paper style),” presented at
the IEEE Summer power Meeting, Dallas, TX, June 22–27, 1990, Paper
90 SM 690-0 PWRS.
[17] J. G. Kreifeldt, “An analysis of surface-detected EMG as an amplitude-
modulated noise,” presented at the 1989 Int. Conf. Medicine and
Biological Engineering, Chicago, IL.
[18] J. Williams, “Narrow-band analyzer (Thesis or Dissertation style),”
Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Elect. Eng., Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA,
1993.
[19] N. Kawasaki, “Parametric study of thermal and chemical
nonequilibrium nozzle flow,” M.S. thesis, Dept. Electron. Eng., Osaka
Univ., Osaka, Japan, 1993.
[20] J. P. Wilkinson, “Nonlinear resonant circuit devices (Patent style),” U.S.
Patent 3 624 12, July 16, 1990.
[21] IEEE Criteria for Class IE Electric Systems (Standards style), IEEE
Standard 308, 1969.
[22] Letter Symbols for Quantities, ANSI Standard Y10.5-1968.
[23] R. E. Haskell and C. T. Case, “Transient signal propagation in lossless
isotropic plasmas (Report style),” USAF Cambridge Res. Lab.,
Cambridge, MA Rep. ARCRL-66-234 (II), 1994, vol. 2.
[24] E. E. Reber, R. L. Michell, and C. J. Carter, “Oxygen absorption in the
Earth’s atmosphere,” Aerospace Corp., Los Angeles, CA, Tech. Rep.
TR-0200 (420-46)-3, Nov. 1988.
[25] (Handbook style) Transmission Systems for Communications, 3rd ed.,
Western Electric Co., Winston-Salem, NC, 1985, pp. 44–60.
[26] Motorola Semiconductor Data Manual, Motorola Semiconductor
Products Inc., Phoenix, AZ, 1989.
[27] (Basic Book/Monograph Online Sources) J. K. Author. (year, month,
day). Title (edition) [Type of medium]. Volume(issue). Available:
http://www.(URL)
[28] J. Jones. (1991, May 10). Networks (2nd ed.) [Online]. Available: http://
www.atm.com
[29] (Journal Online Sources style) K. Author. (year, month). Title. Journal
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ieee
- 1. > REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 1 Preparation of Papers for EUROPMENT Conference Proceedings First A. Author, Second B. Author, Jr., and Third C. Author, Member, IEEE menu is at the left of the Formatting Toolbar at the top of Abstract—These instructions give you guidelines for your Word window (for example, the style at this point in the preparing papers for EUROPMENT Publications. Use this document is “Text”). Highlight a section that you want to document as a template if you are using Microsoft Word 6.0 or designate with a certain style, then select the appropriate later. Otherwise, use this document as an instruction set. The name on the style menu. The style will adjust your fonts and electronic file of your paper will be formatted further at IEEE. Define all symbols used in the abstract. Do not cite references in line spacing. Do not change the font sizes or line spacing to the abstract. Do not delete the blank line immediately above the squeeze more text into a limited number of pages. Use abstract; it sets the footnote at the bottom of this column. italics for emphasis; do not underline. To insert images in Word, position the cursor at the Index Terms—About four key words or phrases in insertion point and either use Insert | Picture | From File or alphabetical order, separated by commas. For a list of copy the image to the Windows clipboard and then Edit | suggested keywords, send a blank e-mail to keywords@ieee.org Paste Special | Picture (with “Float over text” unchecked). or visit the IEEE web site at IEEE will do the final formatting of your paper. If your http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/ani_prod/keywrd9 paper is intended for a conference, please observe the 8.txt conference page limits. INTRODUCTION PROCEDURE FOR PAPER SUBMISSION T HIS document is a template for Microsoft Word versions 6.0 or later. 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If your graphing program cannot export to TIFF, in figure (one-column width) at 600 dpi, the figure requires a you can use the same technique described for tables in the horizontal size of 2070 pixels. Typical file sizes will be on previous paragraph. the order of 0.5 MB. A way to convert a figure from Windows Metafile (WMF) Photographs and grayscale figures should be prepared with to TIFF is to paste it into Microsoft PowerPoint, save it in 220 dpi resolution and saved with no compression, 8 bits per JPG format, open it with Microsoft Photo Editor or similar pixel (grayscale). To obtain a 3.45-in figure (one-column converter, and re-save it as TIFF. width) at 220 dpi, the figure should have a horizontal size of Microsoft Excel allows you to save spreadsheet charts in 759 pixels. Graphics Interchange Format (GIF). To get good resolution, Color figures should be prepared with 400 dpi resolution make the Excel charts very large. Then use the “Save as and saved with no compression, 8 bits per pixel (palette or 256 color). To obtain a 3.45-in figure (one column width) at 400 dpi, the figure should have a horizontal size of 1380 pixels. For more information on TIFF files, please go to http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/transactions/informat ion.htm and click on the link “Guidelines for Author Supplied Electronic Text and Graphics.”
- 3. > REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 3 TABLE I UNITS FOR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES Conversion from Gaussian and Symbol Quantity CGS EMU to SI a Φ magnetic flux 1 Mx → 10−8 Wb = 10−8 V·s B magnetic flux density, 1 G → 10−4 T = 10−4 Wb/m2 magnetic induction H magnetic field strength 1 Oe → 103/(4π) A/m m magnetic moment 1 erg/G = 1 emu → 10−3 A·m2 = 10−3 J/T M magnetization 1 erg/(G·cm3) = 1 emu/cm3 → 103 A/m 4πM magnetization 1 G → 103/(4π) A/m σ specific magnetization 1 erg/(G·g) = 1 emu/g → 1 A·m2/kg j magnetic dipole 1 erg/G = 1 emu moment → 4π × 10−10 Wb·m J magnetic polarization 1 erg/(G·cm3) = 1 emu/cm3 → 4π × 10−4 T χ, κ susceptibility 1 → 4π χρ mass susceptibility 1 cm3/g → 4π × 10−3 m3/kg µ permeability 1 → 4π × 10−7 H/m Fig. 1. Magnetization as a function of applied field. Note that “Fig.” is = 4π × 10−7 Wb/(A·m) abbreviated. There is a period after the figure number, followed by two µr relative permeability µ → µr spaces. It is good practice to explain the significance of the figure in the caption. w, W energy density 1 erg/cm3 → 10−1 J/m3 N, D demagnetizing factor 1 → 1/(4π) HTML” feature (see http://support.microsoft.com/support/ No vertical lines in table. Statements that serve as captions for the entire kb/articles/q158/0/79.asp). You can then convert from GIF to table do not need footnote letters. TIFF using Microsoft Photo Editor, for example. a Gaussian units are the same as cgs emu for magnetostatics; Mx = maxwell, G = gauss, Oe = oersted; Wb = weber, V = volt, s = second, T = No matter how you convert your images, it is a good idea tesla, m = meter, A = ampere, J = joule, kg = kilogram, H = henry. to print the TIFF files to make sure nothing was lost in the conversion. If you modify this document for use with other IEEE journals or conferences, you should save it as type “Word The SI unit for magnetic field strength H is A/m. However, 97-2000 & 6.0/95 - RTF (*.doc)” so that it can be opened by if you wish to use units of T, either refer to magnetic flux any version of Word. density B or magnetic field strength symbolized as µ0H. Use E.Copyright Form the center dot to separate compound units, e.g., “A·m 2.” An IEEE copyright form should accompany your final submission. You can get a .pdf, .html, or .doc version at HELPFUL HINTS http://www.ieee.org/copyright or from the first issues in each volume of the IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS. Authors F.Figures and Tables are responsible for obtaining any security clearances. Because IEEE will do the final formatting of your paper, you do not need to position figures and tables at the top and bottom of each column. In fact, all figures, figure captions, MATH and tables can be at the end of the paper. Large figures and If you are using Word, use either the Microsoft Equation tables may span both columns. Place figure captions below Editor or the MathType add-on (http://www.mathtype.com) the figures; place table titles above the tables. If your figure for equations in your paper (Insert | Object | Create New | has two parts, include the labels “(a)” and “(b)” as part of the Microsoft Equation or MathType Equation). “Float over artwork. Please verify that the figures and tables you mention text” should not be selected. in the text actually exist. Please do not include captions as part of the figures. Do not put captions in “text boxes” linked to the figures. Do not put borders around the UNITS outside of your figures. Use the abbreviation “Fig.” even at Use either SI (MKS) or CGS as primary units. (SI units are the beginning of a sentence. Do not abbreviate “Table.” strongly encouraged.) English units may be used as Tables are numbered with Roman numerals. secondary units (in parentheses). This applies to papers in Color printing of figures is available, but is billed to the data storage. For example, write “15 Gb/cm 2 (100 Gb/in2).” authors (approximately $1300, depending on the number of An exception is when English units are used as identifiers in figures and number of pages containing color). Include a note trade, such as “3½ in disk drive.” Avoid combining SI and with your final paper indicating that you request color CGS units, such as current in amperes and magnetic field in printing. Do not use color unless it is necessary for the oersteds. This often leads to confusion because equations do proper interpretation of your figures. If you want reprints not balance dimensionally. If you must use mixed units, of your color article, the reprint order should be submitted clearly state the units for each quantity in an equation. promptly. There is an additional charge of $81 per 100 for color reprints.
- 4. > REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 4 Figure axis labels are often a source of confusion. Use I.Equations words rather than symbols. As an example, write the quantity Number equations consecutively with equation numbers in “Magnetization,” or “Magnetization M,” not just “M.” Put parentheses flush with the right margin, as in (1). First use units in parentheses. Do not label axes only with units. As in the equation editor to create the equation. Then select the Fig. 1, for example, write “Magnetization (A/m)” or “Equation” markup style. Press the tab key and write the “Magnetization (A ⋅ m−1),” not just “A/m.” Do not label axes equation number in parentheses. To make your equations with a ratio of quantities and units. For example, write more compact, you may use the solidus ( / ), the exp “Temperature (K),” not “Temperature/K.” function, or appropriate exponents. Use parentheses to avoid Multipliers can be especially confusing. Write ambiguities in denominators. Punctuate equations when they “Magnetization (kA/m)” or “Magnetization (103 A/m).” Do are part of a sentence, as in not write “Magnetization (A/m) × 1000” because the reader would not know whether the top axis label in Fig. 1 meant r2 16000 A/m or 0.016 A/m. Figure labels should be legible, ∫ 0 F ( r , ϕ ) dr dϕ = [σ r2 / ( 2 µ0 )] (1) approximately 8 to 12 point type. ∞ ⋅∫ exp( −λ | z j − zi | ) λ−1 J 1 ( λ r2 ) J 0 ( λ ri ) dλ . 0 G.References Number citations consecutively in square brackets [1]. The Be sure that the symbols in your equation have been sentence punctuation follows the brackets [2]. Multiple defined before the equation appears or immediately references [2], [3] are each numbered with separate brackets following. Italicize symbols (T might refer to temperature, [1]–[3]. When citing a section in a book, please give the but T is the unit tesla). Refer to “(1),” not “Eq. (1)” or relevant page numbers [2]. In sentences, refer simply to the “equation (1),” except at the beginning of a sentence: reference number, as in [3]. Do not use “Ref. [3]” or “Equation (1) is ... .” “reference [3]” except at the beginning of a sentence: “Reference [3] shows ... .” Unfortunately the IEEE document J.Other Recommendations translator cannot handle automatic endnotes in Word; Use one space after periods and colons. Hyphenate therefore, type the reference list at the end of the paper using complex modifiers: “zero-field-cooled magnetization.” the “References” style. Avoid dangling participles, such as, “Using (1), the potential Number footnotes separately in superscripts (Insert | was calculated.” [It is not clear who or what used (1).] Write Footnote). 1 Place the actual footnote at the bottom of the instead, “The potential was calculated by using (1),” or column in which it is cited; do not put footnotes in the “Using (1), we calculated the potential.” reference list (endnotes). Use letters for table footnotes (see Use a zero before decimal points: “0.25,” not “.25.” Use Table I). “cm 3,” not “cc.” Indicate sample dimensions as “0.1 cm × 0.2 Please note that the references at the end of this document cm,” not “0.1 × 0.2 cm2.” The abbreviation for “seconds” is are in the preferred referencing style. Give all authors’ “s,” not “sec.” Do not mix complete spellings and names; do not use “et al.” unless there are six authors or abbreviations of units: use “Wb/m 2” or “webers per square more. Use a space after authors' initials. Papers that have not meter,” not “webers/m 2.” When expressing a range of values, been published should be cited as “unpublished” [4]. Papers write “7 to 9” or “7-9,” not “7~9.” that have been submitted for publication should be cited as A parenthetical statement at the end of a sentence is “submitted for publication” [5]. Papers that have been punctuated outside of the closing parenthesis (like this). (A accepted for publication, but not yet specified for an issue parenthetical sentence is punctuated within the parentheses.) should be cited as “to be published” [6]. Please give In American English, periods and commas are within affiliations and addresses for private communications [7]. quotation marks, like “this period.” Other punctuation is Capitalize only the first word in a paper title, except for “outside”! Avoid contractions; for example, write “do not” proper nouns and element symbols. For papers published in instead of “don’t.” The serial comma is preferred: “A, B, and translation journals, please give the English citation first, C” instead of “A, B and C.” followed by the original foreign-language citation [8]. If you wish, you may write in the first person singular or H.Abbreviations and Acronyms plural and use the active voice (“I observed that ...” or “We observed that ...” instead of “It was observed that ...”). Define abbreviations and acronyms the first time they are Remember to check spelling. If your native language is not used in the text, even after they have already been defined in English, please get a native English-speaking colleague to the abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, ac, and dc do proofread your paper. not have to be defined. Abbreviations that incorporate periods should not have spaces: write “C.N.R.S.,” not “C. N. R. S.” Do not use abbreviations in the title unless they are SOME COMMON MISTAKES unavoidable (for example, “IEEE” in the title of this article). The word “data” is plural, not singular. The subscript for the permeability of vacuum µ0 is zero, not a lowercase letter “o.” The term for residual magnetization is “remanence”; the 1 It is recommended that footnotes be avoided (except for the unnumbered adjective is “remanent”; do not write “remnance” or footnote with the receipt date on the first page). Instead, try to integrate the footnote information into the text. “remnant.” Use the word “micrometer” instead of “micron.”
- 5. > REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 5 A graph within a graph is an “inset,” not an “insert.” The PUBLICATION PRINCIPLES word “alternatively” is preferred to the word “alternately” The contents of IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS are (unless you really mean something that alternates). Use the peer-reviewed and archival. The TRANSACTIONS publishes word “whereas” instead of “while” (unless you are referring scholarly articles of archival value as well as tutorial to simultaneous events). Do not use the word “essentially” to expositions and critical reviews of classical subjects and mean “approximately” or “effectively.” Do not use the word topics of current interest. “issue” as a euphemism for “problem.” When compositions Authors should consider the following points: are not specified, separate chemical symbols by en-dashes; 1) Technical papers submitted for publication must advance for example, “NiMn” indicates the intermetallic compound the state of knowledge and must cite relevant prior work. Ni0.5Mn0.5 whereas “Ni–Mn” indicates an alloy of some 2) The length of a submitted paper should be commensurate composition NixMn1-x. with the importance, or appropriate to the complexity, of Be aware of the different meanings of the homophones the work. For example, an obvious extension of “affect” (usually a verb) and “effect” (usually a noun), previously published work might not be appropriate for “complement” and “compliment,” “discreet” and “discrete,” publication or might be adequately treated in just a few “principal” (e.g., “principal investigator”) and “principle” pages. (e.g., “principle of measurement”). Do not confuse “imply” 3) Authors must convince both peer reviewers and the and “infer.” editors of the scientific and technical merit of a paper; Prefixes such as “non,” “sub,” “micro,” “multi,” and the standards of proof are higher when extraordinary or “"ultra” are not independent words; they should be joined to unexpected results are reported. the words they modify, usually without a hyphen. There is no 4) Because replication is required for scientific progress, period after the “et” in the Latin abbreviation “et al.” (it is papers submitted for publication must provide sufficient also italicized). The abbreviation “i.e.,” means “that is,” and information to allow readers to perform similar the abbreviation “e.g.,” means “for example” (these experiments or calculations and use the reported results. abbreviations are not italicized). Although not everything need be disclosed, a paper must An excellent style manual and source of information for contain new, useable, and fully described information. science writers is [9]. A general IEEE style guide, For example, a specimen's chemical composition need Information for Authors, is available at not be reported if the main purpose of a paper is to http://www.ieee.org/organizations/pubs/transactions/informat introduce a new measurement technique. 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- 6. > REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 6 REFERENCES [30] R. J. Vidmar. (1992, August). On the use of atmospheric plasmas as electromagnetic reflectors. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. [Online]. 21(3). pp. [1] G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics (Book style with 876—880. Available: http://www.halcyon.com/pub/journals/21ps03- paper title and editor),” in Plastics, 2nd ed. vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New vidmar York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15–64. [2] W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems (Book style). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1993, pp. 123–135. [3] H. Poor, An Introduction to Signal Detection and Estimation. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1985, ch. 4. First A. Author (M’76–SM’81–F’87) and the other authors may include [4] B. Smith, “An approach to graphs of linear forms (Unpublished work biographies at the end of regular papers. Biographies are often not included in style),” unpublished. conference-related papers. This author became a Member (M) of IEEE in [5] E. H. Miller, “A note on reflector arrays (Periodical style—Accepted for 1976, a Senior Member (SM) in 1981, and a Fellow (F) in 1987. The first publication),” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., to be published. paragraph may contain a place and/or date of birth (list place, then date). [6] J. Wang, “Fundamentals of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers arrays Next, the author’s educational background is listed. The degrees should be (Periodical style—Submitted for publication),” IEEE J. Quantum listed with type of degree in what field, which institution, city, state or Electron., submitted for publication. country, and year degree was earned. The author’s major field of study should [7] C. J. Kaufman, Rocky Mountain Research Lab., Boulder, CO, private be lower-cased. communication, May 1995. The second paragraph uses the pronoun of the person (he or she) and not [8] Y. Yorozu, M. Hirano, K. Oka, and Y. 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Eng., Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA, 1993. [19] N. Kawasaki, “Parametric study of thermal and chemical nonequilibrium nozzle flow,” M.S. thesis, Dept. Electron. Eng., Osaka Univ., Osaka, Japan, 1993. [20] J. P. Wilkinson, “Nonlinear resonant circuit devices (Patent style),” U.S. Patent 3 624 12, July 16, 1990. [21] IEEE Criteria for Class IE Electric Systems (Standards style), IEEE Standard 308, 1969. [22] Letter Symbols for Quantities, ANSI Standard Y10.5-1968. [23] R. E. Haskell and C. T. Case, “Transient signal propagation in lossless isotropic plasmas (Report style),” USAF Cambridge Res. Lab., Cambridge, MA Rep. ARCRL-66-234 (II), 1994, vol. 2. [24] E. E. Reber, R. L. Michell, and C. J. Carter, “Oxygen absorption in the Earth’s atmosphere,” Aerospace Corp., Los Angeles, CA, Tech. Rep. TR-0200 (420-46)-3, Nov. 1988. [25] (Handbook style) Transmission Systems for Communications, 3rd ed., Western Electric Co., Winston-Salem, NC, 1985, pp. 44–60. [26] Motorola Semiconductor Data Manual, Motorola Semiconductor Products Inc., Phoenix, AZ, 1989. [27] (Basic Book/Monograph Online Sources) J. K. Author. (year, month, day). Title (edition) [Type of medium]. Volume(issue). Available: http://www.(URL) [28] J. Jones. (1991, May 10). Networks (2nd ed.) [Online]. Available: http:// www.atm.com [29] (Journal Online Sources style) K. Author. (year, month). Title. Journal [Type of medium]. Volume(issue), paging if given. Available: http:// www.(URL)