![CONTENTS
– What is Robotics?
– History of Robot
– Generations of Robots
– Types of Robots
– The Purpose of Robots
– Applications of Robots
– Example of Robots with sample code
– The way forward [The Future]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/roboticstheroleofcomputerscience-200527085315/85/introduction-to-Robotics-the-role-of-computer-science-2-320.jpg)
introduction to Robotics (the role of computer science)
- 1. THE FIRST STEP TO ROBOTICS DR RAJESH SHARMA RAJENDRAN CVR SIG – CO-ORDINATOR AP/CSE/ASTU/ADAMA/ETHIOPIA
- 2. CONTENTS – What is Robotics? – History of Robot – Generations of Robots – Types of Robots – The Purpose of Robots – Applications of Robots – Example of Robots with sample code – The way forward [The Future]
- 3. WHAT IS ROBOTICS? Robotics is an interdisciplinary research area at the interface of computer science and engineering. Robotics involves design, construction, operation, and use of robots. (Wiki) The goal of robotics is to design intelligent machines that can help and assist humans in their day-to-day lives and keep everyone safe(Must Follow the Robotic Laws). • Robotics is the divisionof technology that dealswith the design, construction,operation, structuraldisposition, manufactureand application of robots. • Robotics is related to the interdisciplinary sciences of electronics engineering, mechanics, and software. • A re-programmable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks (Robot Institute of America)
- 4. IN HUMAN ASPECTS • “Robots” is physical agents that performtasks by software with hardware to the physical world. They are equipped with sensors to perceive their environment and effectors to assert physical forces on it. It is a Mechanical device that performs human tasks, either automatically or by remote control.
- 5. Speech, Vision , Acceleration, Temperature, Position ,Distance , Touch Force Magnetic field ,Light , Sound , PositionSense Task Plan, Classification Learning Process ,data Path planning , Motion planning, prediction planning Thin k 5 Sens e Act Output information Move, Speech Text, Visuals, Wheels Legs Arms Tracks 5/27/2020CSE/ASTU
- 6. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF ROBOTICS
- 7. HISTORY • The wordrobot waspopularized byCzech playwright Karel Capek in his1921 play R.U.R. (Rossum'sUniversal Robots). • The first industrial robot wasinstalled in 1961. Thesearethe robots oneknowsfrom industrial facilities like carconstruction plants.
- 8. GENERATIONS First - UNIMATE 1961 industrial robot ,, transport die-casting, welding parts, drum memory. Second – WABOT-1 1972 first humanoid robot, machine intelligence, motors & vision system, ability to communicate Third- WABOT –II 1984 in build arm motors, eliminating of long transmissions, successful interactions Fourth – AIBO 1998 Artificial intelligence bot, 64-bit RISC processor, 8MB RAM, sensors and actuators ROBONAUT II 2010 works in microgravity. Fifth(present) – SOFIA 2015 AI, Speech to Text Technology, visual data processing, Facial recognition, cloud networks, block chain Technology.
- 10. TYPES -GENERALLY, THERE ARE FIVE TYPES OF ROBOTS: Pre-Programmed Robots. Pre-programmed robots operate in a controlled environment where they do simple, monotonous tasks. An example of a pre- programmed robot would be a mechanical arm on an automotive assembly line. The arm serves one function — to weld a door on, to insert a certain part into the engine, etc. — and it's job is to perform that task longer, faster and more efficiently than a human. Humanoid Robots.:Humanoid robots are robots that look like and/or mimic human behavior. These robots usually perform human-like activities (like running, jumping and carrying objects), and are sometimes designed to look like us, even having human faces and expressions. Two of the most prominent examples of humanoid robots are Hanson Robotics’ Sophia (in the video above) and Boston Dynamics’ Atlas.
- 11. CONTINUE Autonomous Robots: Autonomous robots operate independently of human operators. These robots are usually designed to carry out tasks in open environments that do not require human supervision. An example of an autonomous robot would be the Roomba vacuum cleaner, which uses sensors to roam throughout a home freely. Teleoperated Robots: Teleoperated robots are mechanical bots controlled by humans. These robots usually work in extreme geographical conditions, weather, circumstances, etc. Examples of teleoperated robots are the human- controlled submarines used to fix underwater pipe leaks during the BP oil spill or drones used to detect landmines on a battlefield. Augmenting Robots: Augmenting robots either enhance current human capabilities or replace the capabilities a human may have lost. Some examples of augmenting robots are robotic prosthetic limbs or exoskeletons used to lift hefty weights.
- 12. OTHER TYPES OF ROBOTS • Industrial robot - Materials handling, Welding / Repairing, Inspection, Improving productivity, Laboratory applications, Mobile Robots • Educational Robots • Domestic Robots: (i) Those designed to perform household tasks (ii)Modern toys which are programmed to do things like talking, walking and dancing. • Hardware Robots – Non-adaptive robots have no way of sensing the environment, so do the job regardless of any environmental factors – Adaptive Robots: get feedback from a sensor to alter the operation of the device.
- 14. HOW THE COMPUTER SCIENCE RELATED TO ROBOTS Robotics utilizes a broad range of disciplines within computer science and beyond, from mathematics to mechanics to biology. Especially important tools from computer science include artificial intelligence and sophisticated sensor processing (e.g. computer vision).
- 15. NEED OF ROBOT • Tedious tasksthat robots cando 24/7 • Robots never get sick or need time off. • Robots candotasksconsideredtoo dangerous for humans. • May beable to performtasks that are impossible for humans. • Robots canoperate equipmentto much higher precision than humans. • May becheaper over the long-term • To assist thealternativetalented people
- 16. CONTINUE… Exploration The hardest thing any robot has to do is to be able to taught how to walk. Space Missions Robots in the Antarctic Exploring Volcanoes Underwater Exploration Medical Science Surgical assistant Assembly Factories
- 17. FIRST MOBILE ROBOT Shakey (1966 – 1972) Shakey was the first mobile robot with the ability to reason and react to its environment. Developed at SRI’s (Stanford Research Institute) pioneering Artificial Intelligence Center, Shakey has had a substantial influence on present-day AI and robotics. Using a TV camera, a triangulating range finder, and bump sensors, Shakey was connected to DEC PDP- 10 and PDP-15 computers via radio and video links.
- 18. SURGICAL ROBOT SRI’s M7 surgical robot conducted the first-ever acceleration-compensated medical procedure in zero- gravity flight for NASA. The M7 was also the first surgical robot to be successfully deployed to an undersea environment simulating the inflexibilities of outer space in NASA’s Extreme Environment Mission Operation (NEEMO), demonstrating remote surgery over 1,200 miles of public Internet. One year later, the M7 demonstrated the first autonomous ultrasound-guided medical procedure in the same undersea laboratory.
- 19. BOMB SQUAD The Mini-Andros is used by bomb squads across the country to locate and dispose of bombs. The hurt locker – Hollywood movie
- 20. FUTURE? Although most robots in use today are designed for specific tasks, the goal is to make universal robots, robots flexible enough to do just about anything a human can do. Visual object recognition: Our robots today are not very aware of their surroundings, as we do not have general- purpose vision algorithms that can recognize particular objects never seen before as an instance of a known class. Manipulation: We need to develop widely deployable robot hands so that hundreds of researchers can experiment with manipulation. New sensors: Direct investment in new sensor modalities for robots will lead to new algorithms that can exploit them and make robots more aware of their surroundings, and hence able to act more intelligently.
- 21. CONTINUE… Materials science: is producing radically new materials with sometimes hard‐to‐believe properties. Distributed and networked robots: Technology allows us to decompose tasks in ways that humans are incapable. Awareness of people: Most future applications of robots will require that they work in close proximity to humans. To do so safely, we need both perceptual awareness of people, and actuators and robots that are intrinsically safe for humans to physically contact. Social interaction:If ordinary people are to work with robots they must be able to interact with them in cognitively easy ways.
- 22. WHERE CAN WE USE Transport (public and private) Exploration (océans, space, deserts, etc.) Mining (dangerous environments) Civil Defense (search and rescue, fire fighting etc.) Security/Surveillance (patrol, observation and intervention) Domestic Services (cleaning etc.) Entertainment (robotic toys etc.) Assistive Technologies (support for the fragile) War Machines Scientific Instrumentation (e.g. synchrotron sample preparation, chemical screening etc.)
- 23. ROBOT USING PYTHON CODE Install python 2.7 or more versions Install PIL-1.1.7.win32-py2.7 or more Download these all supporting python files
- 24. REFERENCES https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Block-diagram-of-robotic-system_fig3_331329130 https://www.slideshare.net/EdurekaIN/evolution-of-robots-a-brief-history-of-robotics-in-10-minutes-edureka https://www.slideshare.net/AmeyaGandhi/basics-of-robotics https://www.slideshare.net/BiniamAsnake/computer-vision-and-robotics
- 25. Queries ?