IPv4 IPv6 Multi Protocol Media Player
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- The document describes a media player plugin that allows choosing between IPv4 and IPv6 protocols for streaming video chunks to determine the faster connection speed. - The plugin modifies an existing media player (Hls.js) to measure download speeds for each video chunk delivered over IPv4 or IPv6, and then selects the preferable protocol. - Statistics from over 950 streaming sessions in Japan show IPv6 speeds are generally faster than IPv4, especially during night hours, though IPv4 can be faster in some cases like with older IPv6 tunneling.
IPv4 IPv6 Multi Protocol Media Player
- 1. IPv4 IPv6 Multi Protocol Media Player - APNIC 50 - Masaaki NABESHIMA Sep 9, 2020 Copyright (c) kosho.org 1v9-9-2020
- 2. ◼ Use IPv4 and IPv6 ◼ Calculate speeds ◼ Do • Display speeds • Choose protocol Copyright (c) kosho.org 2 IPv4 IPv6 Multi Protocol Media Player
- 3. ◼ Over 1 / 4 requests are IPv6 • IPv6 Connection rate • Akamai Report (Dec 2019) *1 • The United States: 45.8% • Japan: 31.3% • IIJ Koshien Report (Aug 2019) *2 • Japan : 24% ◼ IPv4 will never disappears • We will have to keep using both protocols for a long period ! Copyright (c) kosho.org 3 Background: IPv6 is REAL *1:https://www.akamai.com/us/en/resources/our-thinking/state-of-the-internet-report/state-of-the-internet-ipv6-adoption-visualization.jsp *2: https://eng-blog.iij.ad.jp/archives/4183
- 4. ◼ Protocol itself • Almost the same for performance ◼ Network Implementations are different • e.g. Base protocols and Aggregation boxes are different • IPv4: PPPoE • IPv6: IPoE • Each aggregation boxes have different capacities ◼ Network Speeds are different • Many people say IPv6 is faster than IPv4 • IPv4 aggregation boxes are generally full • IPv6 Aggregation boxes have some margin Copyright (c) kosho.org 4 Background: IPv4 and IPv6 are different
- 5. ◼ Recent Media Players • Players download media chunks by HTTP (HLS, Dash) • Media chunk: fragments of a movie • Players reassemble the chunks and generate a full movie Copyright (c) kosho.org 5 Background: Media Player Chunk 1 Chunk 2 Chunk 3 Chunk 4 Chunk 5 Chunk 6 Chunk 7 Chunk 8
- 6. ◼ Basic idea 1, Media Player can use IPv4 and IPv6 in a movie stream • e.g. one by one 2, Also the Media player can calculate download speeds of each chunks 3, And then, the Media Player can choose the preferable protocol Copyright (c) kosho.org 6 IPv4 IPv6 Multi Protocol Media Player IPv6 IPv4 IPv6 IPv4 IPv6 IPv4 IPv6 IPv4 9.1 Mbps 5.4 Mbps 9.8 Mbps 6.4 Mbps 9.9 Mbps 4.8 Mbps 5.8 Mbps 8.7 MbpsDownload Speeds IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 IPv4 Media chunks
- 7. ◼ Initial Implementation • My own Player with MSE (Media Source Extensions) • Many restrictions ( e.g. no trick play, no m3u8, …) ◼ Current Implementation • Base player: Hls.js (Popular media player for browser) • https://github.com/video-dev/hls.js/ • Plugin (hls46.js) • https://github.com/kosho-org/hls-46-plugin/ Copyright (c) kosho.org 7 Implementation
- 8. ◼ Sample Copyright (c) kosho.org 8 Plugin Usage <html> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/hls.js@0.14.1"></script> <video id="video" controls preload="none"></video> <script src="hls-46.js"></script> <script src="hls-customload.js"></script> <script src="cb-2-filesize.js"></script> <script> var video = document.getElementById('video'); var videoSrc = 'cb-2.m3u8'; var customLoader = function() {}; customLoader.prototype = new Hls.DefaultConfig.loader(); customLoader.prototype.loadInternal = customLoadInternal; hls46init(0,"http://ipv4.example.com/","http://ipv6.example.com/", "https://ipv4.media.example.com/hls/","https://ipv6.media.example.com/hls/"); var hls = new Hls({loader: customLoader}); hls.loadSource(videoSrc); hls.attachMedia(video); hls46TextShow(); </script> </html> Plug-in Initialization Subtitle (for speed display) Initialization Custom (media) Loader Initialization
- 9. ◼ IPv4 IP6 handling • Need separate URLs • e.g. • https://ipv4.example.com/hls/xxx.ts • https://ipv6.example.com/hls/xxx.ts • Player determines protocol by (URL) string ◼ Internal Key functions • urlHandler • modifies media URLs. It's called by customLoadInternal • speedHandler • calculates download speeds. It's called by urlHandler and ontimeUpdate of html5 video Copyright (c) kosho.org 9 Current Implementation (hls.js plugin)
- 10. ◼ Statistics Handling Copyright (c) kosho.org 10 Current Implementation Media Server (IPv4) Media Server (IPv6) beacon.php (Beacon/POST) Statistics Server (IPv6) sid.php (session ID/GET) uid.php (user ID/GET) ip.php (IPv6 Address/GET) Statistic Server (IPv4) ip.php (IPv4 Address/GET)
- 11. ◼ Speed Comparison • IPv4 IPv6 One by one ◼ Protocol Selection • Initial check mode • Continuous check mode Copyright (c) kosho.org 11 Plugin Mode Use the faster protocolInitial check Initial check Use both protocols to check speed
- 12. Copyright (c) kosho.org 12 Demo: Speed Comparison IPv6 IPv4 IPv6 IPv4 IPv6 IPv4 IPv6 IPv4 Subtitle Browser Developer Tools (F12)
- 13. Copyright (c) kosho.org 13 Demo • All Chunk size • 271KB* / 2sec • Speeds • Not the same • Stable speed needs bigger chunks (like 4K videos) • 4K demo: https://www.kosho.org/tools/v6speed-check-by-movie/ *The first chunk is 272KB
- 14. ◼ Data • Sessions: 955 • Nov 20 2019 – Sep 3 2020 • Filter • Client GeoIP: Japan • IPv4 chunks > 1, IPv6 chunks > 1 Copyright (c) kosho.org 14 Statistics
- 15. Hour Session# IPv6/IPv4 1 16 1.01 2 8 1.14 3 22 0.92 4 4 0.70 5 13 1.83 6 8 1.02 7 11 0.82 8 56 1.23 9 45 0.87 10 55 1.07 11 74 1.19 12 49 1.06 13 59 1.36 14 58 1.29 15 55 1.20 16 62 0.91 17 57 1.08 18 32 1.14 19 37 0.98 20 23 3.24 21 44 1.21 22 69 3.21 23 69 1.79 24 0 2.02 Copyright (c) kosho.org 15 Stat: Speed Ratio by Hour • Generally IPv6 is faster than IPv4 ! • Especially night peak 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 IPv6 / IPv4 Speed Ratio
- 16. Copyright (c) kosho.org 16 Stat: Speed Ratio Distribution Speed Ratio Session # Session % IPv6 faster (> 4) 41 4.29 % IPv6 faster (4 ~ 2) 70 7.33 % IPv6 faster (2 ~ 1.2) 191 20.00 % Almost same 363 38.01 % IPv4 faster (2 ~ 1.2) 200 20.94 % IPv4 faster (4 ~ 2) 58 6.07 % IPv4 faster (> 4) 32 3.35 % • IPv6 is not always faster than IPv4 • Reason: • Old style IPv6 tunneling over IPv4 • Need more study
- 17. ◼ Most of cases • We should use IPv6 (Default behavior) ◼ However, some remaining cases we should use IPv4 • This plug-in will work ◼ Note • Currently, IPv6 users are minor -> IPv6 is faster • However, the number of IPv6 users increases -> IPv4 can be faster Copyright (c) kosho.org 17 Summery: IPv4 vs IPv6
- 18. ◼ New fun way to compare IPv4/IPv6 speeds • Realtime speed display • Realistic measurement of streaming video • Mobile, HD, 4K videos • Probably work on another player (video.js…) ◼ Work as a player side multi CDN (CDN selection by player, original goal) • Without any modification, you can use this plugin as a selector • CDNs (e.g. Akamai vs Cloudfront) • Other Protocol (e.g. QUIC vs TCP+HTTP) Copyright (c) kosho.org 18 Summery: IPv4 IPv6 media player
- 19. ◼ Plug-in development • IPv6 native support, Trick play support, Chunk size correction, Transfer size handling, … ◼ Speed comparison • Detailed analysis • ASN, IPoE, PPPoE, … ◼ Protocol selection • Better continuous check algorithm Copyright (c) kosho.org 19 Future work
- 20. ◼ I need partners • I would like to realize them with partners • If you are interested in, please let me know Copyright (c) kosho.org 20 Future work (collaboration)
- 21. ◼ Player Home (Demo) Page • https://www.kosho.org/blog/net/ipv4ipv6-mediaplayer/ ◼ Speed Comparison (Demo) Page • https://www.kosho.org/tools/v6speed-check-by-movie/ ◼ Source Code • https://github.com/kosho-org/hls-46-plugin/ Copyright (c) kosho.org 21 Reference