IRJET- Efficient Techniques of Construction Material Management in Construction Projects

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1139
Efficient Techniques of Construction Material Management in
Construction Projects
Deepak Karoriya1, Dr. Mukesh Pandey2
¹PG scholar’s, Civil Engineering Department, ITM University, Gwalior
²HOD, Civil Engineering Department, ITM University, Gwalior
---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - Construction industry is an industry, which is
involved in the planning, execution and evaluation
(monitoring) of all types of civil works. Physical
infrastructures such as buildings, communication & energy
related construction works, water supply & sewerage civil
works etc. are some of the major projects in the construction
industry. Construction industry plays an important role in
social, economical & political development of a country. The
industry has been experiencing such problems as managing
and minimizing wastage of construction materials due to
lack of effective management and planning. One of the very
important sections that should specify in the construction
project management is managing and minimizing wastage
of construction materials at construction projects. The
successful execution of construction projects within given
cost, time and quality, good handling of construction
materials on construction site requires systematic planning
and controlling of the construction works. This explains also
that the management of materials becomes the most
pertinent source of construction waste. The main tools for
the collection of data included questionnaires, and site visit
were used to identify the annual requirement of the
construction materials. Simple EOQ analysis involving tables
of the annual requirement of the construction materials
were used in analyze the results from the questionnaire.
Secondary sources of data were obtained from relevant
literature that covered thesis related to the construction
materials management and research paper.
Key Words: Materials management, Wastes
management, Construction Sites
1. INTRODUCTION
Management ofConstructionmaterialsis very important as
materials are the major cost component in any
construction project and site. The total cost of used
material may be 50% or more of the total cost. The aim of
the materials management is to make sure that the
materials are available at their point of use when
requirement hence, efficient of material’s procurement
represents a key role in the successful completion of the
work of constructionprojectandsite. MaterialsManagement
is the need to be more efficient in the construction
industries. Management of materials must be effectively
managed or taken care of the materials to avoid incurring
losses and administrative costs, which affect the
construction projects cost. However, material waste is a
major problem in the Indian construction industry that has
important implications in both the efficiency of the industry
and the environmental impact of construction projects due
to lack of effective materials management and planning. In
this study management of the material is done by the EOQ
analysis. The EOQ analysis is the most importance
methodology to avoiding theconstructionmaterialsweston
site. There are many difference between the project that
planed with EOQ analysisandwithoutEOQanalysis.Thecost
of the project may be decreases by EOQ analysis. In my
study, the questionnaire survey is done from four
construction projects inGwalior division. The opinion ofthe
experts in terms of construction materials (cement, steel,
bricks, sand, aggregate and tiles) is collected and accordingto
this data find out the minimum cost of the construction
materials. To make sure a flow with time of materials is an
important to involve of material management. Planning of
material and inventory control technique are the two most
important measures as per as Material management is
concerned. This study is focusing on the difference
between planned and actual cost of the materials.
Planning and control of materials, lack of materials when
needed, materials of poor identification, re-handlingandnot
enough storage cause losses in labor growing crops and
overall delays that can indirectly increase total cost of
project. Effective management of materials can less these
costs and contributes significantly to the success of the
project.
2. NEED FOR MATERIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
The purpose of material management is to assure that the
right materials are in the right place, in the right quantity
when needed.
In a construction project, time and accurate information is
vitally important in order to accomplish scheduled
completion. The main reason is that there is no direct link
between the head office and the regional site office and
there is no “quick” link between site office and site
engineers who are out in the field for most of the time. This
study proposes the design of and information system to
address the following issues:
(i) Time and cost can be saved.
(ii) Improved productivity in conjunction with cost
savings.

(iii) Enhancement of construction business.
(iv) Improved communication between the sites and
the head office.
(v) Highly systemized way of construction practice.
(vi) Improved material shortage problem.
3. METHODOLOGY
3.1 SOURCE OF DATA
In this research, this research, data collection are used
which can be divided into two parts.
a) Primary source
b) Secondary Sources.
a) Primary Sources: Primary sources are gives pre idea
about research. It also gives theoretical & practical
concept.
b) Secondary Sources: Secondary data are collected
through questionnaire survey in Gwaliordivision.
Literature Review:
To know the present time practices of Construction
material management, literature review has been carried
through internet, and engineering journals. By referring to
previous literature information from the material
management
Ashwini R. Patil, Smita V. Pataskar: The efficient
procurement of material represents a key role in the
successful completion of the work. Poor planning and
control of material, lack of material when needed, poor
identification of material, re-handling and inadequate
storage cause losses in labor productivity and overall
delays that can indirectly increase total project cost.
Effective management of materials can reduce these costs.
T.phani Madhavi, Steve Varghese Mathew, Roy Sasidharan.
The objective of the present study is to understand about
all the problems occurring in the company because of
improper application of material management. In
construction project operation, often there is a project cost
variance in terms of the material, equipment, manpower,
subcontractor, overhead cost, and General condition.
Material is the main component in construction projects.
Calistus Ayegba, The study further Suggest measures for
effective material management in construction site. Data
for the study was obtained through a structured
questionnaire administered to respondents in ten
different construction sites and head offices of the
construction companies in charge of the sites in Minna
metropolis Niger State. Findings reveal that, 31% of
respondents organization procure materials for sites by
head office provisions without site requisition, 64% of
respondents organization procure materials for sites by
head office provisions with site requisition and 5% of
respondents organization procure materials. Aditya A.
Pande, S .Sabihuddin. A properly implemented materials
management program can achieve the timely flow of
materials and equipment to the jobsite, and thus facilitate
improved work face planning, increased labor
productivity, better schedules, and lower project costs.
Mrs.Ashwini i.R.Patil, Mrs.Smita V.Pataskar, The efficient
procurement of material represents a key role in the
successful completion of the work. Poor planning and,
control of material, lack of material when needed, poor
identification of material, re-handling and inadequate
storage cause losses in labour productivity and overall
delays that can indirectly increase total project cost.
3.2 QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN
A questionnaire survey was designed based on the
objectives of the study, which is management of
construction material on site. A questionnaire survey was
developed to get the opinion and understanding from the
experienced respondents regarding to the construction
management problem. Questionnaires have the following
questions.
1. Annual requirement of Cement on construction site.
2. Annual requirement of Steel on construction site.
3. Annual requirement of Bricks on construction site.
4. Annual requirement of Sand on construction site.
5. Annual requirement of Aggregate on construction site.
6. Annual requirement of Tiles on construction site
3.3 DATA ANALYSIS BY EOQ METHOD
This data analysis was determined to establishing the
economic cost by Economic Order Quantity. It consists of
six steps to analyzing the data.
1. Visiting for cost of construction material in local
market.
2. Find out the Q (Economic Order Quantity).
3. Find out the number of orders per year (based on EOQ).
4. Find out the frequency of ordering ( per year ).
5. Find out the total cost.
6. Find out the compression between economic cost and
general cost (without EOQ).
Analysis:
Q=( )
Where
S = Annual requirement.

Co = Cost of Ordering.
Cu = Item's cost.
I = carrying inventory cost.
4. RESULT FROM QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS EOQ
ANALYSIS
This study in EOQ analysis is performed on Cement,
Reinforcement Steel, Bricks, sand and Aggregate. While
performing economic order quantity analysis Ordering
Cost and Inventory Carrying Cost is assumed for all
materials with practical execution procedure of
construction. Inventory carrying cost incurred for
inventory maintenance, Cost of Storage is include,
Insurance taxes, Deterioration & obsolescence this
calculates in %. Inventory Carrying Cost = 22%.
Economic order Quantity is calculated by following
formula.
Table 1: EOQ Analysis
Name of
material
Annual
Requiremen
t
EO
Q
No. of
Order
s
Frequenc
y
of
ordering
Total
cost of
Inventor
y using
EOQ in
lakhs
Cement 245420Bag. 34 735 1
736.4804
4
Steel 868 T 20 43 9 279.1584
Bricks 500 CUM 12 42 9 9.04626
Sand 990 CUM 21 47 8 14.22398
Aggregat
e
2548CUM 34 75 5 22.8718
Tiles 5250 BOX 49 107 3 36.82523
Name of
material
Annual
Requiremen
t
EO
Q
No. of
Order
s
Frequenc
y
of
ordering
Total
cost of
Inventor
y using
EOQ in
lakhs
Cement
10000
bags
67 150 3 30.0445
Steel 150T 8 19 19 48.5816
Bricks 400 CUM 10 40 9 7.2414
Sand 1415 CUM 25 56 6 20.31458
Aggregat
e
1700 CUM 28 60 6 15.26989
Tiles 5000 BOX 48 104 4 35.07342
Name of
material
Annual
Requiremen
t
EO
Q
No. of
Order
s
Frequenc
y
of
ordering
Total
cost of
Inventor
y using
EOQ in
lakhs
Cement 204500 bags 304 672 1
613.7012
2
Steel 580T 16 36 10 186.7432
Bricks 110 CUM 5 22 16 2.00178
Sand 12900 CUM 77 168 2
184.7117
4
Aggregat
e
24250 CUM 105 230 2 217.2448
Tiles 4640 BOX 46 100 4 32.55072
Name of
material
Annual
Requiremen
t
EO
Q
No. of
Order
s
Frequenc
y
of
ordering
Total
cost of
Inventor
y using
EOQ in
lakhs
Cement 110000 bags 224 491 1
330.1475
8
Steel 850 T 20 42 9 273.384
Bricks 300 CUM 9 33 11 6.0398
Sand 5500 CUM 50 110 3 78.80785
Aggregat
e
4500 CUM 45 100 4 40.3643
Tiles 75000 BOX 312 240 2
525.3243
7
5. CONCLUSION
The systematic literature review identified the materials
management processes to need efficiency of project
completion on time and under the budget. This is because
very poor handling of construction materials affects the
overall performance of construction projects in the terms
of time, cost, quality, & productivity. This give light to the
fact that pre-planning and material present are equally
important in controlling the total cost of project. It reveals
that the minimization of materials wastage during the
construction phases is very important in order to prevent
loss of profits. It is observed that considerable research
have been conducted to investigate separately
construction waste management strategies at a exact stage
of a construction project.
Currently, the majority of research efforts has been given
the material loss in construction activities rather than the
non-value-adding work as an intangible waste of
materials. Waste Generation Rate is an effective indicator
for measuring waste of construction material and
management performance. The EOQ analysis is better
techniques to avoiding the extra cost of the materials by
good management of the ordering construction materials.

In my study the questionnaire survey is main source to
applying the EOQ analysis because cost of the materials
can be minimizes with the help of EOQ technique. The
questionnaire form prepared according to the EOQ
technique and guidance of the guide and distributed at the
four site of the construction in Gwalior division. The
opinion of the respondent got in the questionnaire form in
terms of annual requirement of construction materials
such as cement, sand, aggregate, steel, tiles and brick. This
valuable data got from the experts is most important to
find out economic cost of the construction materials.
In this study, there are four case studies is done
with the help of the EOQ analysis and in each case the cost
of the materials take from the local market ( Gwalior ).
REFERENCES
1) A. Gulghane1, Prof P. V. Khandve, ‘Management
for Construction Materials and Control of
Construction Waste in Construction Industry: A
Review’. “IJERA” ISSN :2248-9622. Vol. 5, Issue 4,
( Part -1) April 2015, pp.59-64 .
2) Aditya A. Pande, S .Sabihuddin, “Study of material
management techniques on construction project”
Paper ID:IJIFR/V2/E9/079, May 2015.
3) Ashwini R. Patil, SmitaV. Pataskar “Analyzing
Material Management Techniques on
Construction Project” (IJEIT) Volume 3, Issue 4,
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4) Ashish D. Joshi, Dr. S.D. Khandekar. “Project
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6) EDOZIE, EMMANUEL .S. REG. NO. 426018F,
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