Isep m2 m - iot - course 1 - update 2013 - 09122013 - part 2 - v(0.5)
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The document provides an overview of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and standards, including a discussion of market trends, architecture, networking technologies, and applications. Key points discussed include the growth of mobile traffic driven by IoT, the role of low-power wireless networks, M2M communication standards, and new opportunities in areas such as smart homes, smart cities, and vehicle telematics. The presentation concludes by examining challenges around spectrum harmonization and the need for further IoT standardization.
![LTE Parallel evolution path to 3G
DL: 21Mbps (64QAM)
DL: 28Mbps
[2x2 MIMO & 16QAM]
DC-HSPA + 64QAM
2x2 MIMO & 64QAM
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
32](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/isep-m2m-iot-course1-update2013-09122013-part2-v0-131210172029-phpapp01/85/Isep-m2-m-iot-course-1-update-2013-09122013-part-2-v-0-5-32-320.jpg)
![Carrier Aggregation (CA): Intra-Band /
Combinations [Rel.12]
Contiguous
1900
2100
2300
2500
2700
2900
CA_1
CA_7
15+15/20+20
CA_38
Non-Contiguous
10+20/15+15/20+20
CA_40
1500
1700
1900
2100
2300
2500
CA_41
10+20/15+15/15+20/20+20
5/10/15/20
CA_4-4
CA_25-25
5/10
Promising solutions….
BUT…
CA_41-41
10/15/20
2700
2900](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/isep-m2m-iot-course1-update2013-09122013-part2-v0-131210172029-phpapp01/85/Isep-m2-m-iot-course-1-update-2013-09122013-part-2-v-0-5-42-320.jpg)
![eMBMS
-
-
Venue-specific broadcast
- Live Sports/arena only
- Rich media
Region-specific (Local) BCAST
- Local TV news/events
Nation-wide BCAST
- World cup, NFL
File Delivery (FLUTE) / FOTA
Flexible carrier sharing [Unicast/Broadcast]
Up to 17Mbps / 10MHz BW
•
•
•
Rel .10
• Counting ‘eMBMS interested UE’
only starts from Rel.10!
• Priority between eMBMS sessions
• DASH support
Rel.11
• Service continuity
• Unicast File repair
Rel.12
• Bcast/Unicast switching based on demand
• Counting: better accuracy
• MIMO
• Emergency alert
• Longer CP](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/isep-m2m-iot-course1-update2013-09122013-part2-v0-131210172029-phpapp01/85/Isep-m2-m-iot-course-1-update-2013-09122013-part-2-v-0-5-47-320.jpg)
![Product Dimensioning:
HEVC benefits
Traffic Types (Mbps)
Video
HEVC
Resolution
3840x2160
1920x1080
1280x720
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
SD
Comments
HD
Comments
4Kp30
Comments
MPEG2 (H.262)
3
[2.5 - 3.5]
15
[12-18]
MPEG4 AVC (H.264)
2
[1.2-3.5]
8
[5-11]
15
[12-18]
HEVC (H2.65)
30%
0,6
[0.8-1.5]
2,4
[3-4.5]
4,5
[6-9]
Frame rate Bitrate saving average Bitrate Min saving Bitrate Max Saving
25
30,60%
22%
42,30%
50
29,20%
17%
46,30%
50
24,70%
14,60%
36,60%
73](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/isep-m2m-iot-course1-update2013-09122013-part2-v0-131210172029-phpapp01/85/Isep-m2-m-iot-course-1-update-2013-09122013-part-2-v-0-5-73-320.jpg)
![LTE Femtocell: Home eNode B
(HeNB) 3 Options!
[1]
[2]
[3]
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
86](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/isep-m2m-iot-course1-update2013-09122013-part2-v0-131210172029-phpapp01/85/Isep-m2-m-iot-course-1-update-2013-09122013-part-2-v-0-5-86-320.jpg)
![NGMN – LTE Backhaul
Source: Ericsson
Traffic Volume:
X2 ~ [ 4 - 10%] S1
IPSec +14%
GTP/MIP overhead ~10%
LTE Small Cells Deployment will change Rules for Backhaul Provisioning
Need for more Research
Architecture / PHY / Synchronization (e.g. PTP (1588), SyncE, Hybrid…)
© Thierry Lestable, 2012
111](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/isep-m2m-iot-course1-update2013-09122013-part2-v0-131210172029-phpapp01/85/Isep-m2-m-iot-course-1-update-2013-09122013-part-2-v-0-5-111-320.jpg)
![G3 PLC (OFDM)
OFDM System on CENELEC band A
Extension of initial G3 PLC is now available
To cover higher CENELEC bands:
B/C/BC/D/BCD/BD : [98.4 – 146.8] KHz
G3
90 kHz
30 kHz
Co-existence
•Transformer MV/LV traversal
•Repeater capability
G1
Tone notching for
S-FSK compatibility
G3
PHY Details
FEC: Reed-Solomon (RS) + CC
(+Repetition code for robust mode)
Modulation: DBPSK, DQPSK, (D8PSK)
Link Adaptation
CP-OFDM
IETF 6LoWPAN
Nfft = 256
~34Kbps
© Thierry Lestable, 2011
/ LOAD Routing
MAC: IEEE 802.15.4
PHY: G3 PLC (OFDM)
151](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/isep-m2m-iot-course1-update2013-09122013-part2-v0-131210172029-phpapp01/85/Isep-m2-m-iot-course-1-update-2013-09122013-part-2-v-0-5-151-320.jpg)
![New European Allocation & PHY: ITS-G5
Frequency
Usage
range
5 905 MHz to
Future ITS
5 925 MHz
applications
5 875 MHz to ITS road safety
5 905 MHz
5 855 MHz to ITS non-safety
5 875 MHz
applications
Regulation
ECC Decision [i.9]
Harmonized
standard
EN 302 571 [1]
ECC Decision [i.9],
Commission Decision [i.13]
ECC Recommendation [i.7]
Channel type
G5CC
Channel
spacing
10 MHz
Default data
rate
6 Mbit/s
TX power
limit
33 dBm EIRP
TX power
density limit
23 dBm/MHz
5 890 MHz
10 MHz
12 Mbit/s
23 dBm EIRP
13 dBm/MHz
G5SC1
5 880 MHz
10 MHz
6 Mbit/s
33 dBm EIRP
23 dBm/MHz
G5SC3
5 870 MHz
10 MHz
6 Mbit/s
23 dBm EIRP
13 dBm/MHz
G5SC4
G5SC5
ERC Decision [i.8]
Commission Decisions [i.11] and [i.12]
Centre
frequency
5 900 MHz
G5SC2
5 470 MHz to RLAN (BRAN,
5 725 MHz
WLAN)
5 860 MHz
As required in
[2] for the
band
5 470 MHz to
5 725 MHz
10 MHz
several
EN 301 893 [2]
6 Mbit/s
0 dBm EIRP -10 dBm/MHz
dependent on 30 dBm EIRP 17 dBm/MHz
channel
(DFS master)
spacing
23 dBm EIRP 10 dBm/MHz
(DFS slave)
The physical layer of ITS-G5 shall be compliant with the profile of IEEE 802.11 –
orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) PHY specification for the 5 GHz band
© Thierry Lestable, 2011
170](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/isep-m2m-iot-course1-update2013-09122013-part2-v0-131210172029-phpapp01/85/Isep-m2-m-iot-course-1-update-2013-09122013-part-2-v-0-5-170-320.jpg)
Isep m2 m - iot - course 1 - update 2013 - 09122013 - part 2 - v(0.5)
- 1. Internet of Things : from Theory to Practice, beyond the Hype Introduction to M2M/IoT Market Technology Roadmap & Standards Part 2/3 Thierry Lestable (MS’97, Ph.D’03) Technology & Innovation Manager, Sagemcom
- 2. Disclaimer • Besides Sagemcom SAS’, many 3rd party copyrighted material is reused within this brief tutorial under the ‘fair use’ approach, for sake of educational purpose only, and very limited edition. • As a consequence, the current slide set presentation usage is restricted, and is falling under usual copyright usage. • Thanks for your understanding! © Thierry Lestable, 2012 2
- 3. ToC – Part 1 • Market • Internet of Things (IoT) – RFID/QR codes/Augmented Reality/NFC – Governance rules • Architecture • Capillary Networks & Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) – KNX/ISA-100/W-HART/Bluetooth/Zigbee/ANT+/WiFi 11ac/ad/Direct – IPSO/6LoWPAN/ROLL • Smart Home – Z-wave/Wavenis – DLNA/UPnP – Management (BBF) • WAN - LTE © Thierry Lestable, 2012 3
- 4. ToC- Part 2 • • • • • • • • WiFi/Cellular Convergence WiMAX – M2M Smart Grids – Use cases/Features/Overview – SGCG/M490 – SMCG/M441 – G3 PLC/PRIME – Governance Smart Vehicles (ITS) – DSRC/WAVE/802.11p – EC Mandate/ETSI/ITS-G5 – Use cases/Features Cloud – Gaming – TV Connected • Smart TVs • Thin Clients/Stream boxes • PVR Standardization & industry Alliances Net neutrality Conclusions & Perspectives – French Market – Worldwide Forecast © Thierry Lestable, 2012 Part 3 (Final slot) 4
- 5. Summary of Part 1
- 6. IoT – Commuting Time ATAWADAC = Any Time Any Where Any Device Any Content © Thierry Lestable, 2012 6
- 7. Smart City What we are looking for….ultimately… Whilst avoiding ‘Big Brother’ & maintaining ‘Privacy’… © Thierry Lestable, 2012 7
- 8. Traffic Explosion & Social Networks / OTT 50% 901 million 500 Million Mobile users
- 9. Mobile traffic forecasts 2010-2020: Worlwide Total mobile traffic •As a conclusion, total worldwide mobile traffic will reach more than 127 EB in 2020, representing an 33 times increase compared with 2010 figure. Total mobile traffic (EB per year) 140.00 Yearly traffic in EB 120.00 100.00 Europe Americas 80.00 Asia 60.00 Rest of the world W orld 40.00 20.00 2010 2015 2020 Source: IDATE © Thierry Lestable, 2012 9
- 10. Wireless M2M: 4 pillars © Thierry Lestable, 2012 10
- 11. RFID Communication platform © Thierry Lestable, 2012 11
- 12. Id Tag B2C scenario example © Thierry Lestable, 2012 12
- 13. NFC: 3 operating modes Universal Mobile Wallet © Thierry Lestable, 2012 13
- 14. IoT – European Vision 2020 © Thierry Lestable, 2012 14
- 15. IoT, European Commission • Need for Governance Actions – Privacy & protection of personnal Data – Trust, Acceptance & Security – Standardization Internet of Things Internet of Things for People © Thierry Lestable, 2012 15
- 16. High Level (simplified) M2M Architecture Capillary Network Operator platform M2M Gateway Client Application © Thierry Lestable, 2012 16
- 17. Capillary Network & Wireless Sensors Network (WSN) Key Technologies From proprietary solutions towards IP smart objects…
- 18. Smart Digital Home © Thierry Lestable, 2011 18
- 19. Home Network Convergence Video Security Screen Femtocell Set Top Box HGW BROADBAND HOME NETWORK Meter Access Environme Appliance Control nt Sensor eHealth Sensor SENSOR NETWORK Energy Managt, Home Control, eHealth Quadruple Play QoS / Plug and Play / Easy install / Security Portable Applications OSGI TR69 TR69 / SNMP DLNA UPnP IP V4 / V6 Ethernet, WiFi, Home Plug , USB, G.Hn IP V6 6LoWPAN / ZigBee ZigBee, CPL, MBUS, X10 DECT, FXS, 3G/4G © Thierry Lestable, 2011 19
- 20. WAN – Cellular Systems 3GPP LTE & WiMAX
- 21. 5G is coming! © Thierry Lestable, 2012 Source: Huawei 21
- 22. 5G Technology Roadmap Source: Huawei © Thierry Lestable, 2012 22
- 23. Vertical Markets in LTE © Thierry Lestable, 2012 23
- 24. Wireless Broadband Systems mapping © Thierry Lestable, 2012 24
- 25. Global Mobile Traffic Exabytes (1018) per Month 10.8 EB 6.9 EB 4.2 EB 2.4 EB 0.6 EB 1.3 EB 70% 10.8 EB 6.9 EB 4.2 EB 2.4 EB 0.6 EB 1.3 EB © Thierry Lestable, 2012 25
- 26. 213 Networks launched in 81 Countries 260 by end of 2013! +126 Million LTE Subsc. (Q2’13)
- 27. LTE Subscribers – More than 126 Million worlwide (Q2’2013) Source: Informa LTE subs. In Millions 35,6 Million (Q2’13) 10 Million (Q2’13) 3 Million (Q2’13) N.A = 51,4% APAC = 43,4% Europe = 3,7% RoW = 1,5% 3,5 Million (Q2’13) 15 Million (Q2’13) 11 Millon (Q2’13) LATAM is just starting to roll-out. Still LTE infancy. 6 Million (Q2’13) 5,8 Million (Q2’13) 98 million LTE subs. added over past year 350% annual growth!
- 28. LTE subscribers Forecast (thousands) Worldwide By 2015, Around 379 Million LTE subscribers #1 © Thierry Lestable, 2012 28
- 29. LTE Ecosystem is maturing fast! Smart Phones M-Tablets DSL-Routers + USB Dongles + Netbooks, etc… © Thierry Lestable, 2012 29
- 30. LTE Devices: 1064 products Number of Manufacturers with LTE Portfolio: 111 (+66% over past year) Smartphones: 360 x4 annual growth 31% (August 2013) Growth Internal CONFIDENTIAL document | LTE – STB - 2013 | This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization .
- 31. LTE Devices categories @1800MHz LTE @1800 (B3) used in +43% commercial Networks 322 LTE User Devices @1800MHz 91 networks deployed @1800MHz, 23 more on-going Roll-outs Ecosystem is mature enough to provide such profile Internal CONFIDENTIAL document | LTE – STB - 2013 | This document and the information contained are Sagemcom property and shall not be copied or disclosed to any third party without Sagemcom prior written authorization .
- 32. LTE Parallel evolution path to 3G DL: 21Mbps (64QAM) DL: 28Mbps [2x2 MIMO & 16QAM] DC-HSPA + 64QAM 2x2 MIMO & 64QAM © Thierry Lestable, 2012 32
- 33. 3G path
- 34. Global UMTS Subscriber Growth Forecast HSPA+ will still play an active role In near future, both as migration and complementary to LTE. 3G will keep playing a Key role In Future! Multi-Radio chips (2G/3G/LTE) © Thierry Lestable, 2012 34
- 35. Main benefits from LTE © Thierry Lestable, 2012 35
- 36. Main benefits from LTE • Full Packet Switched (PS) no MSC • no RNC • Self-Organizing Networks (SON) • CSFB, SRVCC • Hotspot Offload • Cat 4. DL: 150Mbps / UL: 50Mbps (2x2 MIMO) • BW up to 20MHz • Default Bearer & QoS • Mobility up to 350Km/h • Latency < 5ms • QoS & IMS | ICIC • BW: 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20MHz • new Bands: 2.6GHz, 700/800 MHz (Digital Dividend) • GSMA (VoLTE), LSTI, NGMN, GCF, Femto Forum © Thierry Lestable, 2012 36
- 37. 3GPP LTE System architecture IMS: IP Multimedia Subsystem PCRF: Policy, Charging Resource Function UE: User Equipment MME: Mobility Management Entity S-GW: Serving Gateway P-GW: Packet Gateway HSS: Home Subcriber Server EPC: Evolved Packet Core EPS: Evolved Packet System = EPC + E-UTRAN E-UTRAN: Evolved UTRAN PMIP: Proxy Mobile IP DHCP LTE – Rel.8 © Thierry Lestable, 2012 37
- 38. LTE Product Design Price LTE Cat 3 5 LTE Cat 4 4 Support LTE Cat 5, 7 3 2 IPR VoLTE 1 0 Carrier Aggregation (CA) chip sales US Market Commercial eMBMS Certification Single LTE option HSPA CDMA Spectrum (Freq + BW) Terminal Category Duplex Scheme (FDD/TDD) Voice Data CSFB, VoIP, VoLTE, SRVCC Multi-Radio Vs Single LTE Carrier Aggregation eMBMS Positionning (Lpp) Defining LTE Product requires identifying & prioritizing many possible options
- 39. Worldwide Mobile Broadband Spectrum FDD: 2x70MHz FDD: 2x35MHz TDD: 50MHz FDD Hong-Kong 7 AWS metroPCS TeliaSonera Vodafone O2 … 3 2600 1800 Major TD-LTE Market (incl. India) China Mobile Genius Brand CSL Ltd … Verizon AT&T 21 1500 NTT DoCoMo Refarming and Extensions are still to come… Fragmentation & Harmonization of Spectrum is a critical problem! © Thierry Lestable, 2012 Digital Dividend 39
- 40. LTE Roll-out Worldwide Vs Spectrum Band fragmentation Source:Huawei © Thierry Lestable, 2012 40
- 41. Wireless M2M: Radio Spectrum, LTE Rel.12 Bands Fragmentation FDD Bands 400 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 900 1400 1900 TDD Bands 2400 2900 500 3400 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 Highly fragmented bands have direct impact onto Products Profiles, industrialization, and thus PRICE! M2M/IoT CPEs are Highly costsensitive! 4000
- 42. Carrier Aggregation (CA): Intra-Band / Combinations [Rel.12] Contiguous 1900 2100 2300 2500 2700 2900 CA_1 CA_7 15+15/20+20 CA_38 Non-Contiguous 10+20/15+15/20+20 CA_40 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500 CA_41 10+20/15+15/15+20/20+20 5/10/15/20 CA_4-4 CA_25-25 5/10 Promising solutions…. BUT… CA_41-41 10/15/20 2700 2900
- 43. Carrier Aggregation: Inter-Bands combinations (Rel.12) Pros: Innovative solutions to cope (somehow) with Fragmentation Cons: i) Need for Over-dimensionned Chipsets ii) Risk for Profiles Roll-out / lack of visibility w.r.t deployments & refarming BOM is directly hit
- 44. Carrier Aggregation: Geographical Burden Source:Qualcomm © Thierry Lestable, 2012 44
- 45. LTE-(A) Terminal Categories Carrier Aggregation (CA) Rel.8 Rel.10 (LTE-A) Peak Data rate (Mbps) Category DL UL 1 10 5 2 50 25 3 100 50 4 150 50 5 300 75 6 300 50 7 300 150 8 1200 600 • • • Max BW (MHz) 20 20 20 20 20 20 - 40 20 - 40 20 - 40 MIMO (DL) 2 SS 4 SS Cat.3 is widely deployed & mature Cat.4 is being released this year, and the first to propose CA (10+10) Cat 7 is coming next year: CA (20+20) & 4x4 MIMO N.B: iPhone 5s, use QC MDM9615 (Cat.3)
- 46. Voice in LTE (VoIP, CSFB, VoLTE, SRVCC) CSFB: Circuit Switch Fall-Back SRVCC: single Radio Voice Call Continuity LTE Roll-out maturity CSFB VoLTE = IMS VoIP (SIP) LTE only allowed Multi-Radio VoLTE is still not widely deployed. Requires CAPEX (IMS) & complex PCRF/IMS mechanisms SRVCC Multi-Radio
- 47. eMBMS - - Venue-specific broadcast - Live Sports/arena only - Rich media Region-specific (Local) BCAST - Local TV news/events Nation-wide BCAST - World cup, NFL File Delivery (FLUTE) / FOTA Flexible carrier sharing [Unicast/Broadcast] Up to 17Mbps / 10MHz BW • • • Rel .10 • Counting ‘eMBMS interested UE’ only starts from Rel.10! • Priority between eMBMS sessions • DASH support Rel.11 • Service continuity • Unicast File repair Rel.12 • Bcast/Unicast switching based on demand • Counting: better accuracy • MIMO • Emergency alert • Longer CP
- 48. TD-LTE is gaining momentum Strong Ecosystem growing fast… TD-LTE is becoming a Technology of Highest interest for Operators & Vendors © Thierry Lestable, 2012 48
- 49. LTE Bearers E-UTRAN UE EPC eNB S-GW Internet P-GW Peer Entity End-to-end Service EPS Bearer E-RAB Radio Bearer Radio External Bearer S5/S8 Bearer S1 Bearer S1 S5/S8 Gi
- 50. QoS parameters & QoS Class Id (QCI) QCI 7 (NOTE 3) 8 (NOTE 5) 9 (NOTE 6) 2 Packet Delay Budget (NOTE 1) 100 ms 4 150 ms 10 3 50 ms 10 5 300 ms 10 1 100 ms 10 6 300 ms 10 7 100 ms 10 300 ms 1 (NOTE 3) 2 (NOTE 3) 3 (NOTE 3) 4 (NOTE 3) 5 (NOTE 3) 6 (NOTE 4) Resource Type Priority Packet Error Loss Rate (NOTE 2) 10 10 Example Services -2 Conversational Voice -3 Conversational Video (Live Streaming) -3 Real Time Gaming -6 Non-Conversational Video (Buffered Streaming) -6 IMS Signalling GBR -6 Non-GBR -3 8 9 -6 Video (Buffered Streaming) TCP-based (e.g., www, e-mail, chat, ftp, p2p file sharing, progressive video, etc.) Voice, Video (Live Streaming) Interactive Gaming Video (Buffered Streaming) TCP-based (e.g., www, e-mail, chat, ftp, p2p file sharing, progressive video, etc.) Source: 3GPP TS23.303 VoLTE (IMS) Video
- 51. VoLTE (GSMA IR.92) Timeline Early Adopters revolution +1 year General Market craft 2011: TRIALS 2011: CSFB 2012: COMMERCIAL +1 year 2012: TRIALS 2013: COMMERCIAL SRVCC « The need for 4G picocells and femtocells to enhance coverage and boost capacity if one of the important principles for Verizon’s LTE Network. » Tony Melone – Verizon Wireless CTO – Sept. 2009 © Thierry Lestable, 2012 51
- 52. Rich Communications Suite (RCS) contacts File Sharing chat Video share 52
- 54. LTE Speed – Typical Measurements (1/2)
- 55. LTE Speed – Typical Measurements (2/2)
- 56. Verizon Wireless – LTE Coverage Map (July 2012) ~230 Markets 200 Million POPs NOW! (2/3 coverage) End of 2012: 400 Markets / 260 Million POPs
- 57. 4G-LTE Verizon Innovation July 2012 Smart phones MiFi M-Tablets Dongles Verizon JetPack Galaxy Tab 551L Droid - Xyboard
- 58. ATT Coverage map (Warning 4G = HSPA+) ~40 Markets 150 Million POPs by end 2012 National coverage by end 2013
- 59. AT&T July 2012 Summer 2011 USB Dongle ‘Momentum 4G’ MiFi ‘Elevate 4G’
- 60. Video Requirements Vs Device types & resolutions
- 61. LTE (Rel.8) Terminal Categories: Reminder Most popular/available
- 62. LTE Discontinuous Reception (DRX) principle Ti: Continuous Reception ‘Inactivity Timer’ Trigger Short DRX = Micro-Sleep Tis: Short DRX ‘Inactivity Timer’ Trigger Long DRX = Deeper Sleep
- 63. LTE Power Trace depending on RRC states
- 64. Typical Power consumption – use case
- 65. LTE Power Consumption – 1st Feedbacks from Deployments
- 66. Video Requirements – Baseline targets Vs Device types (1/2) Source: Motorola
- 67. Video Requirements – Baseline targets Vs Device types (2/2) Source: Santa-Clara Univ.
- 68. LTE Video – Number of Video Streams Per sector (estimate) Source: Motorola Cat.4 Terminal DL: 150Mbps UL: 50Mbps
- 69. Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) 3GPP Rel.10 (LTE-Advanced) & Beyond Other HTTP-based Adaptive Streaming solutions Microsoft Silverlight Smooth Streaming (MSS) Adobe HTTP Dynamic Streaming (HDS) Apple HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) 69
- 70. Adaptive Streaming Flow © Thierry Lestable, 2012 70
- 72. Video Coding Standardization Timeline HEVC (H265) Gain ~ 40% over H264 3GPP Rel.12 (March 2014) Available for Smartphones & Tablets in 2013 (no TV!)
- 73. Product Dimensioning: HEVC benefits Traffic Types (Mbps) Video HEVC Resolution 3840x2160 1920x1080 1280x720 © Thierry Lestable, 2012 SD Comments HD Comments 4Kp30 Comments MPEG2 (H.262) 3 [2.5 - 3.5] 15 [12-18] MPEG4 AVC (H.264) 2 [1.2-3.5] 8 [5-11] 15 [12-18] HEVC (H2.65) 30% 0,6 [0.8-1.5] 2,4 [3-4.5] 4,5 [6-9] Frame rate Bitrate saving average Bitrate Min saving Bitrate Max Saving 25 30,60% 22% 42,30% 50 29,20% 17% 46,30% 50 24,70% 14,60% 36,60% 73
- 74. LTE steps into Heterogeneous Networks HetNets
- 75. Network of Networks, Internet of Things (IoT) Presented by Interdigital: Globecom’11 – IWM2M, Houston © Thierry Lestable, 2012 75
- 76. How to solve the Capacity crunch? • Capacity crunch is experienced due to following major factors: – Increased data consumption from Smartphone device applications – Signaling traffic overhead genereted by Smartphones • Unoptimized applications too frequent and useless polling – Flat rate service plans – situation can be critical for some operators. – Need for flexible solutions = Sandbox !! HETEROGENEOUS NETWORKS is the solution = HetNets © Thierry Lestable, 2012 76
- 77. Residential Macro Data Offload Offload via WiFi and/or Femtocell On average, more than 70% of traffic can still be Offloaded ! © Thierry Lestable, 2012 77
- 78. Offload Forecast © Thierry Lestable, 2012 78
- 79. HetNets & Small Cells (LTE) © Thierry Lestable, 2012 79
- 80. Femtocell ecosystem: 66 Operators (1.99billion subscribers, 34%) © Thierry Lestable, 2012 80
- 81. Femtocell ecosystem: 69 Technology Providers The ecosystem is now mature enough 4th IOT Plugfest in February 2012 © Thierry Lestable, 2012 81
- 82. Femtocell market status 36 Commercial Deployments in 23 countries, 15 Roll-out commitments in 2012 © Thierry Lestable, 2012 82
- 83. Femtocells Markets Femtocells Competitive Markets Femtocells AP Forecast - 2014 Source: Informa Telecoms & Media © Thierry Lestable, 2012 83
- 84. S1 LTE Femto: HeNB S1 S1 X2 X2 S1 S1 S1 3GPP Rel.10 © Thierry Lestable, 2012 84
- 85. LTE Femtocell: Home eNode B (HeNB) 3 Options! © Thierry Lestable, 2012 85
- 86. LTE Femtocell: Home eNode B (HeNB) 3 Options! [1] [2] [3] © Thierry Lestable, 2012 86
- 87. HeNB OAM process (Mgt System) © Thierry Lestable, 2012 87
- 88. Residential Macro Data Offload Offload via WiFi and/or Femtocell On average, more than 70% of traffic can still be Offloaded ! © Thierry Lestable, 2012 88
- 89. Key Findings Global Femtocell Survey Voice coverage Churn Reduction Wi-Fi complementary Added-value services © Thierry Lestable, 2012 • Main driver for femtocells is in-building voice coverage – and is main driver for consumer rating of mobile operator • Voice service improvement alone could prevent 42% of consumers switching operator in the next 12 months • 83% of heavy Wi-Fi phone users find femtocells very/extremely appealing • 68% of femtocell fans found at least one advanced femtocell service very/extremely appealing 89
- 91. LTE Self-Organizing Network (SON) features S1/X2 configuration © Thierry Lestable, 2012 91
- 92. SON progress status w.r.t 3GPP Releases 8, 9, and 10 © Thierry Lestable, 2012 92
- 93. Support for Self-Configuration & Self-Optimization • Self-Configuration Process – Basic Set-up – Automatic Registration of nodes in the system – Initial Radio Configuration • Self-Optimization Process – Ue & eNB measurements and performance measurements are used to auto-tune the network © Thierry Lestable, 2012 93
- 94. LTE-Advanced
- 95. LTE-Advanced (Rel.10) and Beyond (Rel.11) Rel.11 © Thierry Lestable, 2012 95
- 96. LTE-Advanced: System Performance Requirements Support of Wider Bandwidth Carrier Aggregation up to 100MHz MIMO Techniques extension DL: up to 8 layers UL: up to 4 layers Coordinated Multiple Point (CoMP) (Rel.11) Relaying L1 & L3 relaying © Thierry Lestable, 2012 Uu Un 96
- 97. LTE-Advanced Architecture & Services Enhancements • LIPA • SIPTO • IFOM • Relaying • MTC (M2M)
- 98. LTE-Advanced: Local IP Access (LIPA) © Thierry Lestable, 2012 98
- 99. LIPA solution for HeNB using Local PDN Connection LIPA MME PCRF S1-MME L- GW S10 Rx S11 Gx L-S5 Other HeNB EUTRAUu S1-U SGW S5 PDN GW SGi IMS Internet Etc. Local IP acc ess network elements E-UTRAN network elements EPC network elements E-UTRA UE © Thierry Lestable, 2012 Packet data network (e.g. Internet, Intranet, intra-operator IMS provisioning) 99
- 100. LTE-Advanced: Selected IP Traffic Offload (SIPTO) SIPTO Traffic CN L-PGW MME RAN S5 eNB UE © Thierry Lestable, 2012 S1-U S-GW S11 S5 P-GW CN Traffic 100
- 101. LTE-Advanced: IP Flow Mobility and Seamless Offload (IFOM) • IP Flow Mobility and Seamless Offload (IFOM) is used to carry (simultaneously) some of UE’s traffic over WIFI to offload Femto Access! IETF RFC-5555, DSMIPv6 © Thierry Lestable, 2012 101
- 102. LTE-Advanced: Relaying and its potential gain Un Uu © Thierry Lestable, 2012 102
- 103. LTE-Advanced: Relay support MME / S-GW 1 S1 S1 S1 MME / S-GW X2 E-UTRAN DeNB S1 X2 Un eNB RN © Thierry Lestable, 2012 103
- 104. Machine-Type Communications (MTC) in 3GPP © Thierry Lestable, 2012 104
- 105. MTC Scenarios • MTC Device MTC server Operator domain MTC Device MTC Device MTC Device MTC Device MTC Server API • MTC Device <--> MTC Device (No Server in between!) MTC User MTC Device MTC Device MTC Device MTC Device Operator domain MTC Device MTC Device MTC Device MTC Device © Thierry Lestable, 2012 Operator domain A Operator domain B MTC Device MTC Device MTC Device MTC Device MTC Server/ MTC User Still Not Considered in Rel.10!! 105
- 106. 3GPP MTC (High Level) Architecture MTCsms MTC Device MTCu 3GPP PLMN MTC Server IWK Function 3GPP bearer services / SMS / IMS MTC Server MTC Server MTCi MTCu: MTCi: MTCsms: It provides MTC Devices access to 3GPP network for the transport of user plane and control plane traffic. MTCu interface could be based on Uu, Um, Ww and LTE-Uu interface. It is the reference point that MTC Server uses to connect the 3GPP network and thus communicates with MTC Device via 3GPP bearer services/IMS. MTCi could be based on Gi, Sgi, and Wi interface. It is the reference point MTC Server uses to connect the 3GPP network and thus communicates with MTC Device via 3GPP SMS. © Thierry Lestable, 2012 106
- 107. 3GPP MTC: Service Requirements • Common Service REQ • Specific Service REQ (Features) – Device Triggering – Addressing Private Address Space MTC Device MNO – – – – Public Address Space MTC Server Identifiers Charging Security Remote Device Management © Thierry Lestable, 2012 – – – – – – – – – – – – Low Mobility Time Controlled Time Tolerant PS only Small data Trx Mobile originated only Infrequent mobile Terminated Monitoring Priority alarm Secure Connection Location Specific Trigger NW provided destination for UL data – Infrequent Trx – Group based features 107
- 108. 3GPP MTC: Service REQ MTC Common Service REQ Details Device Triggering MTC Device shall be able to receive trigger indications from the network and shall establish communication with the MTC Server when receiving the trigger indication. Possible options may include: -Receiving trigger indication when the MTC Device is offline. -Receiving trigger indication when the MTC Device is online, but has no data connection established. -Receiving trigger indication when the MTC Device is online and has a data connection established Addressing MTC Server in a public address space can successfully send a mobile terminated message to the MTC Device inside a private IP address space Identifiers uniquely identify the ME, the MTC subscriber. Manage numbers & identifiers. Unique Group Id. Charging Charging per MTC Device or MTC Group. Security MTC optimizations shall not degrade security compared to non-MTC communications Remote MTC Device Management The management of MTC Devices should be provided by existing mechanisms (e.g. OMA DM, TR-069) © Thierry Lestable, 2012 108
- 109. 3GPP MTC: Features MTC Feature Details Low Mobility MNO change 1) Frequency of Mobility Mgt procedures, or per device, 2) Location updates performed by MTC device Time Controlled MTC Applications that can tolerate to send or receive data only during defined time intervals and avoid unnecessary signalling outside these defined time intervals. Different charging can apply. Time Tolerant MTC Devices that can delay their data transfer. The purpose of this functionality is to allow the network operator to prevent MTC Devices that are Time Tolerant from accessing the network (e.g. in case of radio access network overload) Packet Switched (PS) only network operator shall be able to provide PS only subscriptions with or without assigning an MSISDN Small Data Trx The system shall support transmissions of small amounts of data with minimal network impact (e.g. signalling overhead, network resources, delay for reallocation) Mobile originated only Reduce Frequency of Mobility Management Procedures (Signalling) Infrequent Mobile Terminated MTC Device: mainly mobile originated communications MTC Monitoring Detect unexpected behaviour, changes, and loss of connectivity (configurable by user) server (other actions configurable by user) Priority Alarm Theft, vandalism, tampering Secure Connection Secure connection between MTC Device and MTC server even during Roaming. Location Specific Trigger initiate a trigger to the MTC Devices based on area information provided to the network operator Network Provided Destination for Uplink Data MTC Applications that require all data from an MTC Device to be directed to a network provided destination IP address. Infrequent Transmission The network shall establish resource only when transmission occurs Group Based (GB) MTC features 1 MTC device associated to 1 single MTC group. Combined QoS policy (GB policing): A maximum bit rate for the data that is sent/received by a MTC Group shall be enforced GB addressing: mechanism to send a broadcast message to a MTC Group, e.g. to wake up the MTC Devices that are members of that MTC Group © Thierry Lestable, 2012 Reduce Mobility Management Signalling Warning to MTC Precedence over aby other MTC feature (MAX priority!) 109
- 110. M2M European R&D Innovation: FP7 EXALTED • EXpAnding LTE for Devices © Thierry Lestable, 2012 110
- 111. NGMN – LTE Backhaul Source: Ericsson Traffic Volume: X2 ~ [ 4 - 10%] S1 IPSec +14% GTP/MIP overhead ~10% LTE Small Cells Deployment will change Rules for Backhaul Provisioning Need for more Research Architecture / PHY / Synchronization (e.g. PTP (1588), SyncE, Hybrid…) © Thierry Lestable, 2012 111
- 112. TVWS for Backhaul © Thierry Lestable, 2012 112
- 113. LTE in TVWS © Thierry Lestable, 2012 113
- 114. LTE Royalty Level: Need for Patent Pool facilitation? LTE/SAE Declarations to ETSI by PO 4076 declarations (March 2011) 14.8% Critical constraint for Femtocells is COST EFFICIENCY!! © 2011 Sisvel (www.sisvel.com) © Thierry Lestable, 2012 114
- 115. LTE & 4G patents $12.5 billion 6000+ patents 24000+ patents $4.5 billion WHO’s NEXT?… $2.6 billion $340 Million $770 Million Risk to ‘Kill’ the Business… Especially in Vertical Markets! © Thierry Lestable, 2012 115
- 116. Verizon LTE Innovation Center LTE Connected Car Office in the Box Bicycle © Thierry Lestable, 2012 Connected Home (incl. eHealth) LiveEdge.TV 116
- 118. Fixed/Mobile Convergence Source: BT Wholesale It’s Mandatory to propose integrated Architectures Taking advantage of Wireless/Wired systems (e.g. 3G, LTE, WiFi, WiGig, DAS, RoF, PLC…) © Thierry Lestable, 2012 118
- 119. WBA – Roadmap Small intelligent Cross-Cell (SiXC)™ © Thierry Lestable, 2012 119
- 120. Hotspot 2.0 (HS2.0) - NGH Enhancing WiFi to be more ‘Cellular’ Source: Cisco © Thierry Lestable, 2012 120
- 121. WiMAX – M2M & Smart Grids IEEE 802.16p, 802.16n
- 122. WiMAX community turns to M2M • IEEE 802.16p – Machine-to-Machine (M2M) – Approved: Sept. 2010 – Expiration: Dec. 2014 • IEEE 802.16n (GRIDMAN) – Smart Grids – Emergency, Public Safety!! • Misleading title, stands for: • URL: http://ieee802.org/16/m2 m/index.html – Greater Reliability In Disrupted Metroplotian Area NW – Approved: June 2010 – Expiration: Dec. 2014 • URL: http://wirelessman.org/gri dman/index.html © Thierry Lestable, 2012 122
- 123. WiMAX based M2M Architecture Classical WiMAX NW © Thierry Lestable, 2012 123
- 124. WiMAX M2M: Requirements & Features • • • Extremely Low Power Consumption High Reliability Enhanced Access Priority – Alarms, Emergency calls etc…(Health, Public safety, Surveillance…) • • • • • • • • • • • • Extremely Large Numbers of Devices Addressing Group Control Security Small burst transmission Low/no mobility Time Controlled Operation (pre-defined scheduling) Time Tolerant operations One-Way Data traffic Extremely Low Latency (e.g. Emergency..) Extremely Long Range Access Infrequent traffic Looks quite similar to 3GPP MTC… © Thierry Lestable, 2012 124
- 125. WiMAX M2M: Potential impacts M2M Requirements & Features Potential Directions with impacts on Standard Low Power Consumption Idle/Sleep modes, Power savings in active mode. Link Adaptation, UL Power Ctrl, Ctrl Signalling, Device Cooperation. High Reliability Link Adaptation protocol with very robust MCS. Enhanced Interference Mitigation procedures. Device Collaboration with redundant and/or alternate paths (e.g. diversity) Enhanced Access priority BW request protocol, NW entry/re-entry, ARQ/HARQ, frame structure Transmission attemps Large Numbers of Devices Link Adaptation, ARQ/HARQ, frame structure, Ctrl signalling, NW entry/re-entry Group Control Group ID location, Ctrl signalling, paging, Sleep mode initiation, multi-cast operation, BW request/allocation, connection Mgt protocols Small burst transmission New QoS profiles, burst Mgt, SMS transmission mechanism, BW request/allocation protocols, Channel Coding, frame structure. Low-overhead Ctrl signaling for Small Data. Smaller resource unit! Low/no mobility Mobility Mgt protocol. Signaling w.r.t Handover preparation & execution migt be turned off. Idle mode. Measurements/feedback protocls, pilot structure. Extremely Long Range access Low & roust modulation schemes, higher power transmission Infrequent traffic Simplifications to Sleep/idle mode protocol Keeping in Mind BACKWARD compatibility © Thierry Lestable, 2012 125
- 126. Smart Grids
- 127. SMART GRIDS © Thierry Lestable, 2012 127
- 128. Smart Grid overview © Thierry Lestable, 2011 128
- 129. Smart Energy Management © Thierry Lestable, 2011 129
- 130. Smart Grid in Brief… © Thierry Lestable, 2011 130
- 131. Grids meet Telcos © Thierry Lestable, 2011 131
- 132. Smart Grid plane Source: SGCG/M490/Oct.2012 © Thierry Lestable, 2012 DER: Distributed Energy Resources 132
- 133. Smart Grid Mapping Source: SGCG/M490/Oct.2012 © Thierry Lestable, 2012 DER: Distributed Energy Resources 133
- 134. Smart Grid Value Chain: Actors & Roles TSO: Transmission System Operator GenCo: Generation Conmpany DSO: Distribution System Operator VPP: Virtual Power Plant DG: Dispersed Generation © Thierry Lestable, 2011 134
- 135. Smart Grid: Functional Split © Thierry Lestable, 2011 135
- 136. EU Vs US Smart Grid Strategy EU Background: a fragmented electricity market Deregulation of electricity in some EC states Vision: Start with a smart metering infrastructure then extend to a smart grid network Remote Meter Management Smart Metering Smart Home Consumption Awareness Demand Response US Background: an aging power grid Vision: Smart meters and AMI are part of the toolbox that allows to build a smart grid infrastructure Smart Grids Smart Grids AMI Distribution Grid management Electrical Transpor tation Wide Area Situational Awareness … AMI: Advanced Metering Infrastructure Need for a global (architecture) approach and for regional implementation ETSI, as a global and EU based ICT standards organization, is ideally placed © Thierry Lestable, 2011 136
- 137. Smart Grid Value chain © Thierry Lestable, 2011 137
- 138. Automated Meter Management (AMM)/Smart Meter benefits Demand Side Management and reduction of CO2: Reduction of peak load by consumers information Easier connection for distributed generation Soft shedding systems Better network observability Demand side management and better fraud detection in small isolated system will limit tariff compensation © Thierry Lestable, 2011 Automated Meter Management: Data storage Events storage Remotely managed Reduction of operating system costs: Reduction of reading and interventions costs Reduction of “non technical losses” Reduction of treatment of billing claim Easier quality of supply management No need of user presence to do simple operations WellWell-functioning internal Market: Better consumers information Better frequency and quality of billing data Assist the participation of consumers in the electricity supply market Easier access to data (IS or TIC) Reduction of cost and delay of interventions 138
- 139. Opportunity in Smart Meters: Utopia or Reality? © Frost & Sullivan © Thierry Lestable, 2011 139
- 140. Smart Meters Market (USA) © Thierry Lestable, 2011 140
- 141. European Commission: Mandate M441 / Smart Meter « The General objective of this mandate is to create European standards that will enable interoperability of utility meters (water, gas, electricity, heat), which can then improve the means by which Customers’ awareness of actual consumption can be raised in order to allow timely adaptation to their demands (commonly referred to as ‘smart metering’) » © Thierry Lestable, 2011 141
- 142. European Commission: Mandate M441 / Smart Meter © Thierry Lestable, 2011 142
- 143. Electricity Meters: French status ‘Blue’ Meter Multi-index electromechanical Meter 16.5 Million meters Electronic Meter 7.5 Million meters Linky AMM 9 Million meters 33 millions meters, ¾ electromechanical Only 7.5 millions meters of ERDF (French main DSO) are electronic. Little or no communicating: Each demand of cut, reactivation, tariff or power subscribed modification needs a DSO intervention, Only electronic meters have a “TIC” port transmitting metering info. At most two reading a year Biannual reading by an operator needs, in 50% cases, user to be at home. Suppliers offers limited by access tariff structure Suppliers can’t have their own peak, peak-off,… © Thierry Lestable, 2011 143
- 144. Linky high level architecture & service new TIC Dry C. GPRS 35M meters interoperability Euridis port PLC DSO interoperability 700k concentrators Users pr ope ot n oc ol Suppliers AMM limit © Thierry Lestable, 2011 144
- 145. Smart Metering (High level) architecture Wind Turbine Home displays TV, Computer Data Center Solar Panel In-Home Energy Display Wan Communication Light Meters Coms Appliances Temperature Breaker Valves Smart Water Smart Gas Smart Elec. Gateway © Thierry Lestable, 2011 145
- 146. From Smart Home To Smart Building WAN: Wifi Ethernet GPRS Energy Collection Unit WAN: Wifi Ethernet GPRS www LAN Front-end communication server Load management LAN SAGEM Communications Real Time ! Energ y boxes Microgeneration Application server Energy operator ENERGY GATEWAY AMR Local Display © Thierry Lestable, 2011 146
- 147. Smart Metering: Deployment illustration © Thierry Lestable, 2011 147
- 148. Metering Back Office © Thierry Lestable, 2012 Source: SGCG/M490/Oct.2012 148
- 149. Communication Networks Mapping © Thierry Lestable, 2012 Source: SGCG/M490/Oct.2012 149
- 150. Communication Technologies Mapping © Thierry Lestable, 2012 Source: SGCG/M490/Oct.2012 150
- 151. G3 PLC (OFDM) OFDM System on CENELEC band A Extension of initial G3 PLC is now available To cover higher CENELEC bands: B/C/BC/D/BCD/BD : [98.4 – 146.8] KHz G3 90 kHz 30 kHz Co-existence •Transformer MV/LV traversal •Repeater capability G1 Tone notching for S-FSK compatibility G3 PHY Details FEC: Reed-Solomon (RS) + CC (+Repetition code for robust mode) Modulation: DBPSK, DQPSK, (D8PSK) Link Adaptation CP-OFDM IETF 6LoWPAN Nfft = 256 ~34Kbps © Thierry Lestable, 2011 / LOAD Routing MAC: IEEE 802.15.4 PHY: G3 PLC (OFDM) 151
- 152. Need for Trust, Privacy & Security Customer behaviour (privacy) can be easily Identified, classified, and exploited commercially intrusive. © Thierry Lestable, 2011 152
- 153. Connected Home – Connected Living © Thierry Lestable, 2012 153
- 154. Smart Vehicular environments From Connected Car To Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)
- 155. Smart Car connectivity © Thierry Lestable, 2011 155
- 156. Smart Car: Entertainment © Thierry Lestable, 2011 156
- 157. Smart Car: Entertainment Kids VoD News, social Net Videos, music, sport Music & Video Streaming OS, touchscreen user interface Media players… LTE radio © Thierry Lestable, 2011 157
- 158. Urban Transit: smart Travel Station © Thierry Lestable, 2011 158
- 159. ITS overview © Thierry Lestable, 2011 159
- 160. Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) Security & Safety • Stolen vehicle tracking • eCall Services • Roadside Assistance This market is expected to grow significantly thanks to country specific regulation : in US with E911 & E912 directives (“GM Onstar” standard launched in the Americas by GM and ChevyStar), in Brazil with tracking device required in all new cars from mid2009; in Europe with eCall from 2011: from 6M OBU in 2012 to 9M in 2013 (Movea). Interests in automotive market Road Charge • DSRC Module • GPS Tolling capabilities This market is expected to grow significantly thanks to environmental policies in developed countries (Toll Collect in Germany, Czech Rep, Kilometre Price in NL, Ecotaxe in France) and to efficient toll collect programs in emerging countries. © Thierry Lestable, 2011 Insurance • Monitor leased & mortgaged vehicles • Pay as you drive solutions with Crown Telecom 24Horas in Brazil (VW), other in France & Italy. Navigation & Driver Services • Dynamic Traffic Information • Route Calculation • Real-time Alerts Very fragmented market. 160
- 161. Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) Feature Frequency Band Max Throughput (Mbps) Europe 5.8GHz DL: 0.5 UL: 0.25 North America 915 MHz 5.9GHz Standard CEN IEEE 802.11p/1609 CEN DSRC norms EN 12253 EN 12795 EN 12834 EN 13372 EN ISO 14906 Year 2004 2003 2003 2004 2004 0.5 27 Japan 5.8GHz DL/UL: 1 to 4 ARIB STD T75 & T88 Topic L1 - PHY @ 5.8GHz L2 - Data Link Layer (DLL) L7 - Application Layer DSRC profiles for RTTT Electronic Fee Collection CEN DSRC is not sufficient for V2V and V2I communications! © Thierry Lestable, 2011 161
- 162. WAVE, DSRC & IEEE 802.11p • WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments) – Mode of operation used by IEEE 802.11 devices to operate in the DSRC band • DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications) – ASTM Standard E2213-03, based on IEEE 802.11a – Name of the 5.9GHz band allocated for the ITS communications • IEEE 802.11p – Based on ASTM Standard E2213-03 • DSRC Devices © Thierry Lestable, 2011 162
- 163. WAVE, DSRC protocol Stack © Thierry Lestable, 2011 163
- 164. WAVE: Key components • IEEE 1609 – P1609.1: Resource Manager – P1609.2: Security Services for Applications & Mgt Msgs – P1609.3: Networking Services – P1609.4: Multi-Channel Operations © Thierry Lestable, 2011 164
- 165. DSRC North America • New DSRC (based on 802.11a) OLD © Thierry Lestable, 2011 NEW 165
- 166. DSRC: Performance Enveloppe North America © Thierry Lestable, 2011 166
- 167. European Commission Mandate © Thierry Lestable, 2011 167
- 168. European Commission Mandate • Legal Environment • Standard Environment © Thierry Lestable, 2011 168
- 169. ETSI ITS: Roadmap 2009-2011 © Thierry Lestable, 2011 169
- 170. New European Allocation & PHY: ITS-G5 Frequency Usage range 5 905 MHz to Future ITS 5 925 MHz applications 5 875 MHz to ITS road safety 5 905 MHz 5 855 MHz to ITS non-safety 5 875 MHz applications Regulation ECC Decision [i.9] Harmonized standard EN 302 571 [1] ECC Decision [i.9], Commission Decision [i.13] ECC Recommendation [i.7] Channel type G5CC Channel spacing 10 MHz Default data rate 6 Mbit/s TX power limit 33 dBm EIRP TX power density limit 23 dBm/MHz 5 890 MHz 10 MHz 12 Mbit/s 23 dBm EIRP 13 dBm/MHz G5SC1 5 880 MHz 10 MHz 6 Mbit/s 33 dBm EIRP 23 dBm/MHz G5SC3 5 870 MHz 10 MHz 6 Mbit/s 23 dBm EIRP 13 dBm/MHz G5SC4 G5SC5 ERC Decision [i.8] Commission Decisions [i.11] and [i.12] Centre frequency 5 900 MHz G5SC2 5 470 MHz to RLAN (BRAN, 5 725 MHz WLAN) 5 860 MHz As required in [2] for the band 5 470 MHz to 5 725 MHz 10 MHz several EN 301 893 [2] 6 Mbit/s 0 dBm EIRP -10 dBm/MHz dependent on 30 dBm EIRP 17 dBm/MHz channel (DFS master) spacing 23 dBm EIRP 10 dBm/MHz (DFS slave) The physical layer of ITS-G5 shall be compliant with the profile of IEEE 802.11 – orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) PHY specification for the 5 GHz band © Thierry Lestable, 2011 170
- 171. V2V and V2R Communications • Typical V2V applications – – – – Accidents Congestions Blind spot warning Lane change • Typical V2R applications – Road Works areas – Speed limits – intersections V2V: Vehicle-to-Vehicle V2R: Vehicle-to-Roadside (infrastructure) © Thierry Lestable, 2011 171
- 172. ITS: Road Transport / Safety • R2V communications – – – – Roadside equipment sends warning messages On board equipment receives these messages Driver is made aware well in advance and has more time to react Examples • Road works areas, speed limits, dangerous curves, intersections © Thierry Lestable, 2011 172
- 173. ITS: Road Transport / Safety • V2V communications – – – – Dedicated vehicles send warning messages to other road users On board equipment receives these messages Driver is made aware of such events and can react accordingly Examples • Emergency services, traffic checks, dragnet controls © Thierry Lestable, 2011 173
- 174. ETSI ITS: Automotive Radar • Anti-Collision radar – blind spot warning, lane change, obstacles, parking – EN 302 288 (24 GHz), EN 302 264 (79 GHz) • Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) – define desired interval and maximum speed to follow traffic – vehicle sets corresponding speed automatically – increase of traffic fluidity, decrease of emissions and fuel consumption – EN 301 091 (77 GHz) © Thierry Lestable, 2011 174
- 175. ETSI ITS: Electronic Fee Collection • Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) – 5,8 GHz frequency band mostly used – Base Standards elaborated by CEN • EN 12795, EN 12834, EN 13372 – Specifications for Conformance Testing elaborated by ETSI • TS 102 486 standards family • An envisaged component of the European Electronic Toll Service (EETS) • Alternative deployments possible, e.g. – fees for ferries and tunnels – parking fees • Unique ID required – service provider approach © Thierry Lestable, 2011 175
- 176. ETSI ITS: Road Transport Traffic Management • Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT) – Navigation – Traffic conditions • avoiding congestions • finding alternative routes – Road conditions • ice warnings • floods • Real Time Traffic Information (RTTI) – RDS-TMC (Traffic Management Channel) for FM broadcast – Transport Protocol Experts Group (TPEG) for DAB/DMB/DVB • Future complementary deployments – Vehicle-to-vehicle communications • e.g. congestion messages delivered to broadcasters – Roadside-to-vehicle communications • e.g. ice sensors on bridges © Thierry Lestable, 2011 176
- 177. Railways & aeronautics • Railways – European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) • GSM-R • European Train Control System (ETCS) – GSM-R • Dedicated & harmonized frequency band for Railways • Air-to-Air & Air-toGround communications & Navigation Systems • Single European Sky – Moving Air Traffic Ctrl Regulation to the European Level • GSM & RLAN onboard – LBS – Passenger information © Thierry Lestable, 2011 177