Lec0 Computer Architecture by Hsien-Hsin Sean Lee Georgia Tech ECE -- Introduction
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This document provides information about the ECE 4100/6100 Advanced Computer Architecture course taught by Professor Hsien-Hsin Sean Lee at Georgia Tech. It outlines course details like prerequisites, textbook, scope, and grading. The scope covers modern microprocessor architecture concepts like instruction-level parallelism, memory hierarchy, and multiprocessors. It also discusses trends in technology, Moore's law, and the job of a computer architect in understanding application requirements and tradeoffs.
Lec0 Computer Architecture by Hsien-Hsin Sean Lee Georgia Tech ECE -- Introduction
- 1. ECE 4100/6100 Advanced Computer Architecture Lecture 0 Introduction Prof. Hsien-Hsin Sean Lee School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology
- 2. Course Information • Instructor: Hsien-Hsin Sean Lee (leehs@gatech.edu) • Office: TBD • Online resources: – www.ece.gatech.edu/~leehs/ECE6100 – Constantly updated, check it out regularly – www.tsquare.gatech.edu • Prerequisite: ECE3055 Computer Organization and Operating System or the equivalent. • Textbook – Hennessy and PattersonHennessy and Patterson, Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach (44thth editionedition), Morgan Kaufmann, 2006. – ((Recommended) Jean-Loup Baer) Jean-Loup Baer, Microprocessor Architecture --- From Simple Pipelines to Chip Multiprocessors. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2009. • Other teaching materials – Key papers available later in class meetings and course web – Slides & Lectures Pre-requisite Textbook
- 3. Course Scope To Learn • Core concept of modern microprocessor architecture • ISA, performance • Instruction-Level parallelism • Branch prediction and Front-end fetch • Dynamic HW Scheduling Techniques • Memory Hierarchy • Multiprocessors, SMT, Multi-core, Many-core • Cache Coherence and Memory Consistency Models • Case studies of Commercial Microprocessors • VLIW, EPIC, Static Scheduling • Physical design, emerging trend, technology integration (if time allowed)
- 4. This course requires a lot of time commitment
- 5. BY THE WAY This is not really an “Advanced” Computer Architecture class per se
- 6. Grading • 4 Programming Assignments: 60% – Individual work, no collaboration – TA’s check-off required – Could cause panicking, heartburn, dizziness, etc. • Exams – One in-class exams: 15% – One final exam: 25%
- 7. Stack of A Computing Problem Problems Algorithms Programming Languages Compilers ISA MicroArchitecture System Architecture Implementation Logic and Circuits Transistors Manufacturing Architects’ Territory Apps Trend Technology Trend
- 8. Moore’s Law (a.k.a. Intel’s Roadmap) Exponential growthExponential growth 42millions 2,250 10 μm 13.5mm2 1.7 billions Montecito 90 nm 596 mm2 2 billions Tukwila 65 nm 698 mm2 Source: Intel Corp.Source: Intel Corp. 3 billions Nvidia Fermi @40nm 3.9 billions Altera Stratix FPGA @28nm
- 9. Feature Size Feature size shrinks by 70% per 18 to 24 months
- 10. Feature Size (More Recent)
- 11. Transistor Cost
- 12. Power Density Trend leakddstdddd IVIVfCVP ++= 2 α Source: Intel Corp.
- 13. Google Server Farms (Oregon)
- 14. Heat Dissipation 3D Cooler Pro Pure copper Cooler jet Cooligy’s µchannel Source: K. Skadron Cooking-Aware (or Colwell’s Charcoal-aware) Computing PS3 Grill (http://www.therealps2grill.com
- 15. Watch this Click the chip
- 16. Focus on Computer Architecture Computer Architecture Technology Programming Languages Operating Systems History Applications (A = F / M) instruction set software hardware Virtualization
- 17. Instruction Sets High Performance Servers Desktop, Notebook PC Embedded Processors Market Segments x86 PPC Atom ARM MIPS SH x86 X86, Itanium, Sparc, Alpha Present
- 18. Constantly Changing Definition • 50s to 60s: Computer Architecture ~ Computer Arithmetic • 70s to mid 80s: Instruction Set Design, especially ISA appropriate for compilers • 90s: Speculation: Predict this, predict that; memory system; I/O system; Multiprocessors; Networks • 2000s: Power efficiency , Communication, On-die Interconnection Network, Multi-this, Multi-that. (We are here) • 2015 and beyond: Thousand-core processors, Self adapting systems? Self organizing structures? DNA Systems/Quantum Computing?
- 19. Job Description of a Computer Architect • Used to be “Performance, performance, performance” • Make trade-off of performance, complexity effectiveness, power, technology, cost, etc. New Fads • Availability – Where you store your photos, emails and shared docs today? – Cloud computing • Reliability – Toyota blamed soft errors for the sudden acceleration problem • Security – Intel acquired McAfee • Power management – It is about money !
- 20. Job Description of a Computer Architect Understand application requirements – General purpose Desktop (Intel, AMD) – Game and multimedia (STI’s Cell, Nvidia, Wii, Xbox 360) – Embedded and real-time (ARM, Atom, MIPS) – Online transactional processing (OLTP), data warehouse servers (Sun Fire T2000 (UltraSparc T1), IBM POWER (p690), Google Cluster) – Scientific (finite element analysis, protein folding, weather forecast, defense related (DE Shaw Anton, IBM BlueGene, Cray T3D/T3E, IBM SP2) – Sometimes, there is no boundary …