Lect1 organization 2
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This document provides an introduction to computer organization and digital components. It discusses computer organization, architecture, logic gates, combinational and sequential circuits like flip flops. It also summarizes common digital components such as decoders, encoders, multiplexers, demultiplexers, registers, counters, memory units including RAM and ROM. The document is presented over multiple pages and provides definitions and brief descriptions of the key topics and components in computer organization.
Lect1 organization 2
- 1. 10/26/2014 1 Computer Organization Instructors : Dr. Abdul Raouf Khan Mr.Marwan El-Haj Introduction Computer Organization: is concerned with the way the hardware components operate and the way they are connected together to form the computer system
- 2. 10/26/2014 2 Introduction Computer Architecture: is concerned with the structure and behavior of the computer as seen by the user. Introduction Logic Gates: Basic Gates: AND, OR and Not Other Gates: NAND & NOR (universal Gates), XOR, XNOR Boolean Algebra: Boolean Function, Truth Table, Logic Diagram
- 3. 10/26/2014 3 Introduction Combinational circuits: Half Adder, Full Adder etc Sequential Circuits Flip flops SR, JK, D & T Flip Flops Digital Components Decoder: a decoder is a combinational circuit that converts binary information from the n coded inputs to a maximum of 2n unique outputs n-to-m line decoder where m 2n Encoder: it performs the inverse operation of a decoder
- 4. 10/26/2014 4 Digital Components Multiplexer: a multiplexer is a combinational circuit that receives binary information from one of 2n input data lines and directs it to a single output line. The selection of input is done by n select lines. A 2n-to-1 multiplexer has 2n inputs, 1 output & n select lines. Digital Components De-multiplexer: It performs the inverse operation of a Multiplexer:
- 5. 10/26/2014 5 Digital Components Register: a group of flip flops with each flip flop capable of storing one bit of information. An n bit register has n flip flops and can store n- bit information registers with parallel load Shift registers Digital Components Counter: a register that goes through a predetermined sequence of states upon the application of input pulses is called a counter. Synchronous counter: when each flip flop is driven by the same clock Asynchronous counter : when each flip flop is driven by different clock
- 6. 10/26/2014 6 Digital Components Memory Unit: a memory unit is a collection of storage cells together with associated circuits needed to transfer information (data) in & out of storage. Random Access Memory (RAM) Read Only Memory ( ROM) Digital Components RAM Memory Unit 2 n words n bits per word k address lines Read Write n data input lines n data output lines
- 7. 10/26/2014 7 Digital Components ROM Memory Unit 2 n words n bits per word n data input lines n data output lines