Lecture2 1 types of programming languages
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Programming languages have goals of describing algorithmic steps for computers to execute processes. They define syntax and semantics to translate computational ideas into mechanical steps. There are options for programming languages including low-level languages that use instructions similar to a computer's control unit, and high-level languages that use more abstract terms. Compiled languages convert high-level abstractions into low-level instructions before executing, while interpreted languages sequentially convert each high-level step into a low-level instruction for immediate execution. We will use Python, an interpreted, high-level programming language.
Lecture2 1 types of programming languages
- 1. Programming languages • Goal: – Need a way to describe algorithmic steps such that computer can use them to execute process – Programming language defines syntax and seman;cs needed to translate our computa;onal ideas into mechanical steps
- 2. Op;ons for programming languages Compiler Object code Source code Output Interpreter Checker
- 3. Op;ons for programming languages • Low level language uses instruc;ons similar to internal control unit: – Move data from one loca;on to another – Execute a simple ALU opera;on – Jump to new point in sequence based on test • Checker confirms syntax, sta;c seman;cs correct • Interpreter just follows sequence of simple instruc;ons Source code Low level Output Interpreter Checker
- 4. Op;ons for programming languages • A high level language uses more abstract terms – invert a matrix, compute a func;on • In a compiled language, those abstrac;ons are converted back into low level instruc;ons, then executed Compiler Object code Source code High level Output Interpreter Checker
- 5. Op;ons for programming languages • In an interpreted language, special program converts source code to internal data structure, then interpreter sequen;ally converts each step into low level machine instruc;on and executes • We are going to use Python, which belongs to this class of programming languages Source code High level Output Interpreter Checker