Lodha govardhan
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This document provides an overview of geographic information systems (GIS). It defines GIS as a system that links geographic data to locational information. It explains that GIS has both spatial and attribute data and can represent data as vectors or rasters. The document also gives examples of how GIS is used in various applications like environmental assessment, resource management, and transportation routing. It provides a brief description of how GIS works by storing data in thematic layers that can be linked by location. It also outlines some key GIS operations like data capture, geo-referencing, and data representation.
Lodha govardhan
- 1. B.Sc.(Ag.) Final Year J. N. Agriculture University, Jabalpur College of Agriculture, Tikamgarh (M.P.)
- 2. Image: NASA 2005 GOVARDHAN LODHA AKASH SONKUSALE SUBMITTED TO :- Dr. M. L. Kewat Associate Professor PRESENTED BY :-
- 3. Slides • Introduction • GIS Operations • How does GIS work? • Types of data • Data Representation • Working with GIS • An overview of GIS Image
- 5. Geographic Information System • Geographic – 80% of government data collected is associated with some location in space • Information - attributes, or the characteristics (data), can be used to symbolize and provide further insight into a given location • System – a seamless operation linking the information to the geography – which requires hardware, networks, software, data, and operational procedures …not just software! …not just for making maps!
- 6. • Many More to Come… Environmental impact assessment Resource management Land use planning Tax Mapping Water and Sanitation Mapping Transportation routing And many more ... GIS Operations -
- 7. How does a GIS work? • GIS data has a spatial/geographic reference This might be a reference that describes a feature on the earth using: • a latitude & longitude • a national coordinate system • an address • a district • a wetland identifier • a road name
- 8. Types of data Two types of data are stored for each item in the database • 1. Attribute data: Says what a feature is • Eg. statistics, text, images, sound, etc. • 2. Spatial data: Says where the feature is This also of two types - 1. Vector data 2. Raster data:
- 9. Types of Spatial data
- 11. • A GIS stores information about the world as a collection of thematic layers that can be linked together by geography Polygon 3 Scrub 17 Very high Clay Geography and Databases
- 12. GIS provides Data Integration Vectors Topology Networks Terrain Surveys Images CAD Drawings Annotation Addresses 27 Main St. Attributes ABC 107’ 3D Objects Dimensions • Roads • Land Parcels • Population • Utilities • Land Mines • Hospitals • Refugee Camps • Wells • Sanitation
- 14. Data formation in GIS Capturing data Scanning: all of map converted into raster data Digitising: individual features selected from map as points, lines or polygons Geo-referencing Initial scanning digitising gives co-ordinates in inches from bottom left corner of digitiser/scanner Real-world co-ordinates are found for few registration points on the captured data These are used to convert the entire map onto a real-world co-ordinate system
- 15. Generate Image of Real world -
- 16. An overview of a GIS 3D image -
- 18. Thank You !