PLAN601E SESSION 2 LESSON
- 1. differences between responses both quantatitively and qualitatively. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF basic principles GRAPHIC DESIGN of graphic design PLAN601E VERBAL AND VISUAL: INFORMATION GRAPHICS (SESSION 2) PLAN601E Verbal and visual: Information Graphics (session 2)
- 2. LAYERS help you think about what information want LAYERS help you think about what information youyou want to communicate and what graphic elements you need. to communicate and what graphic elements you need. ACTIVITY ICONS, WATER CONNECTIONS, GREEN CONNECTIONS, TRANSIT STATIONS, TREES, BUILDINGS, PAVEMENT EDGES, WATER WATER ACTIVITY ICONS, WATER CONNECTIONS, GREEN CONNECTIONS, TRANSIT STATIONS, TREES, BUILDINGS, PAVEMENT EDGES, EAST RIVER ESPLANADE PLAN East River Esplanade Plan NYC ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION / SHOP ARCHITECTS
- 3. HIERARCHY provides route for the eye to follow and HIERARCHY provides aa route for the eye to follow and assigns order of importance to each graphic element. assigns an an order of importance to each graphic element. JOURNALISTS USE THE MODEL OF AN “INVERTED PYRAMID” TO ORGANIZE INFORMATION IN NEWS STORIES. JOURNALISTS USE THE MODEL OF AN “INVERTED PYRAMID” TO ORGANIZE INFORMATION IN NEWS STORIES. THE INVERTED PYRAMID the inverted pyramid
- 4. HIERARCHY provides a route for the eye to follow and assigns an order of importance to each graphic element. COLOR HUE LINE WEIGHT FONT SIZE Very Important Important Less Important Least Important THERE ARE MANY GRAPHIC ELEMENTS THAT CREATE VISUAL HIERARCHY. VISUAL HIERARCHY
- 5. HIERARCHY provides a route for the eye to follow and HIERARCHY provides a route foreach eye to follow and assigns an order of importance to the graphic element. assigns an order of importance to each graphic element. Where does your eye go first? GO FIRST? WHERE DOES YOUR EYE Where does it go from there? THERE? WHERE DOES IT GO FROM What do you noticeNOTICE LAST? WHAT DO YOU last? What graphic elements create visual WHAT GRAPHIC ELEMENTS CREATE hierarchy? VISUAL HIERARCHY? Does the hierarchy communicate a clear DOES THE HIERARCHY COMMUNITY idea? A CLEAR IDEA? FUTURE OF GREENWICH STREET SOUTH, DOWNTOWN ALLIANCE / ARO Future of Greenwich Street South, Downtown Alliance / ARO
- 6. COLOR helps to create hierarchy by emphasizing graphic elements and associating elements emphasizing graphic COLOR helps to create hierarchy by with information. elements and associating elements with information. EQUIDISTANT COLORS EQUIDISTANT COLORS ADJACENT COLORS ADJACENT COLORS COMPLEMENTARY COLORS COMPLEMENTARY COLORS MONOCHROMATIC COLORS MONOCHROMATIC COLORS THERE ARE DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO SELECTING A COLOR PALETTE. THERE ARE DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO SELECTING A COLOR PALETTE. THE COLOR WHEEL THE COLOR WHEEL
- 7. COLOR helps create hierarchy by emphasizing graphic COLOR helps toto createhierarchyby emphasizing graphic elements and associating elements with information. elements and associating elementswith information. MONOCHROMATIC BACKGROUND WITH HIGHLIGHT COLOR COLOR EMPHASIZING A SINGLE MONOCHROMATIC BACKGROUND WITH HIGHLIGHT EMPHASIZING A SINGLE ELEMENT. ELEMENT. “MILLION DOLLAR BLOCKS”, SPATIAL INFORMATION DESIGN LAB “Million Dollar Blocks”, Spatial Information Design Lab
- 8. COLOR helps toto createhierarchyby emphasizing graphic COLOR helps create hierarchy by emphasizing graphic elements and associating elementswith information. elements and associating elements with information. EQUIDISTANT COLORS LEAD YOUR EYE LEFT TO RIGHT. RIGHT. EQUIDISTANT COLORS LEAD YOUR EYE FROM FROM LEFT TO PLANYC 2030, MAYOR’S OFFICE OF LONG-TERM SUSTAINABILITY / TWO TWELVE PlaNYC 2030, Mayor’s Office of Long-term Sustainability / Two Twelve
- 9. COLOR helps toto createhierarchy by emphasizing graphic COLOR helps create hierarchy by emphasizing graphic elements and associating elementswith information. elements and associating elements with information. COMPLEMENTARY COLORS EMPHASIZE A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TWO ELEMENTS. COMPLEMENTARY COLORS EMPHASIZE A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TWO ELEMENTS. NYUPlans 2031, NYU Office of Strategic Assessment, NYU PLANS 2031, NYU OFFICE OF STRATEGIC ASSESSMENT, PLANNING, AND DEVELOPMENT / 2 X 4
- 10. COLOR helps create hierarchy by emphasizing graphic COLOR helps to to create hierarchy by emphasizing graphic elements and associating elements with information. elements and associating elementswith information. COMPLEMENTARY COLORS MAKE SOME ELEMENTS “POP” MORE MORE THAN COMPLEMENTARY COLORS MAKE SOME ELEMENTS “POP”THAN OTHERS. OTHERS. PLANYC2030, Mayor’s Office of Long-term Sustainability / Two Twelve TWELVE PlaNYC 2030, MAYOR’S OFFICE OF LONG-TERM SUSTAINABILITY / TWO
- 11. PANTONE helps choose a palette of colors that work together PANTONE helps toto choose a palette of colors that work together and makes printing more predictable. and makes printing more predictable. CHOOSE COLORS FROM PANTONE SOLID SOLID UNCOATED – AVOID RANDOMLY SELECTING THE COLOR PICKER. COLOR PICKER. CHOOSE COLORS FROM PANTONE UNCOATED – AVOID RANDOMLY SELECTING COLORS WITH COLORS WITH THE COLOR PICKING COLOR PICKING
- 12. SCALE helps to create hierarchy using size SCALE helps to create hierarchy using size to distinguish one element from its surroundings. to distinguish one element from its surroundings. SCALE SCALE
- 13. SCALE helps to create hierarchy using size SCALE helps to create hierarchy using size to distinguish one element from its surroundings. to distinguish one element from its surroundings. SCALE CAN LEAD YOUR ACROSS THE IMAGE AND HELP TO MAKE COMPARISONS. SCALE CAN LEAD YOUR EYEEYE ACROSS THE IMAGE AND HELP TO MAKE COMPARISONS. “MAPPINGIstanbul,” Project Projects “Mapping ISTANBUL,” PROJECT PROJECTS
- 14. SCALE helps create hierarchy using size SCALE helps toto create hierarchy using size to distinguish one element from its surroundings. to distinguish one element from its surroundings. SCALING FONTS DRAWS ATTENTION TO THE MOST IMPORTANT NUMBER. SCALING FONTS DRAWS ATTENTION TO THE MOST IMPORTANT NUMBER. NYU PLANS NYU Office of Strategic Assessment, NYU Plans 2031,2031, NYU OFFICE OF STRATEGIC ASSESSMENT, PLANNING, AND DEVELOPMENT Planning, and Development / 2 x 4 / 2 X 4
- 15. REPETITION holds together the composition of of REPETITION holds together the composition a graphic and can help to communicate a narrative. a graphic and can help to communicate a narrative. HOLDING BACKGROUND ELEMENTS CONSTANT IS A GOOD WAY TO SHOW CHANGE OVER TIME. HOLDING BACKGROUND ELEMENTS CONSTANT IS A GOOD WAY TO SHOW CHANGE OVER TIME. EAST RIVER ESPLANADE PLAN East River Esplanade Plan NYC ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION / SHOP ARCHITECTS NYC Economic Development Corporation / SHoP Architects
- 16. REPETITION holds together the composition REPETITION holds togetherthe composition of of a graphic and can help to communicate a narrative. a graphic and can help to communicate a narrative. REPETITION CAN BE USED TO MAKE COMPARISONS – EDWARDEDWARD TUFTE CALLS THESE “SMALL MULTIPLES”. REPETITION CAN BE USED TO MAKE COMPARISONS – TUFTE CALLS THESE “SMALL MULTIPLES”. “PUBLIC HOUSING: A NEW CONVERSATION”, “Public Housing: A New Conversation”, BUELL CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF THE AMERICAN LANDSCAPE, Buell Center for the Study of the American Landscape, MTWTF MTWTF
- 17. REPETITION holds together the composition REPETITION holds together the composition of of a graphic and can help to communicate a narrative. a graphic and can help to communicate a narrative. IT DOESN’T HAVE TO TAKE MUCH REPETITION TO COMMUNICATE A COMPELLING IDEA... IT DOESN’THAVE TO TAKE MUCH REPETITION TO COMMUNICATE A COMPELLING IDEA. SPONGE Park, Dland Studio Sponge PARK, DLAND STUDIO
- 18. BALANCE happens when there is hierarchy, but one BALANCE happens when thereis aahierarchy, but no no one graphic element has more “visual weight” than another. graphic element has more “visual weight” than another. IN A CAT’S CRADLE, EACH LINE SEGMENT IS HELD HELD IN TENSION WITH THE REST... A CAT’S CRADLE, EACH LINE SEGMENT IS IN TENSION WITH THE REST...
- 19. GRIDS are important for laying-out boards or arranging elements in a supergraphic. The rule of thirds says that the eye likes to see images and layouts broken into a grid 3 x 3 grid and its natural focal point is off-center. layout and grids
- 20. GRIDS are important for laying out boards or arranging elements in a supergraphic. 2 1 1) PAGE MARGINS 2) VERTICAL COLUMNS 3) HORIZONTAL ROWS 4) SPACE BETWEEN TYPE OR IMAGES (GUTTER) 3 4 layout and grids
- 21. GRIDS are important for laying-out boards GRIDS are important for laying-out boards or or arranging elements in a supergraphic. arranging elements in a supergraphic. 2 1) PAGE MARGINS PAGE MARGINS 1 2) VERTICAL COLUMNS 2) VERTICAL COLUMNS 3) HORIZONTAL ROWS 3) HORIZONTAL ROWS 4) SPACE BETWEEN TYPE 4) SPACE BETWEEN TYPE OR IMAGES (GUTTER) OR IMAGES (GUTTER) 3 4 “VENDOR POWER”, CENTER FOR URBAN PEDAGOGY “Vendor Power”, Center for Urban Pedagogy
- 22. GRIDS are important for laying-out boards GRIDS are important for laying-out boards or or arranging elements a supergraphic. arranging elements in a supergraphic. 2 1) PAGE MARGINS PAGE MARGINS 1 2) VERTICAL COLUMNS 2) VERTICAL COLUMNS 3) HORIZONTAL ROWS 3) HORIZONTAL ROWS 4) SPACE BETWEEN TYPE 4)SPACE BETWEEN TYPE OR IMAGES (GUTTER) OR IMAGES (GUTTER) 3 4 4 “VENDOR POWER”, CENTER FOR URBAN PEDAGOGY “Vendor Power”, Center for Urban Pedagogy
- 23. TYPOGRAPHY is important for establishing hierarchy and making presentations legible. SERIF FONTS SANS-SERIF FONTS Clarendon Helvetica Century Schoolbook News Gothic Rockwell Futura typography
- 24. TYPOGRAPHY is important for establishing hierarchy and making presentations legible. HEADER AND TEXT HELVETICA NEUE Century Schoolbook luptat ra qui numquo eari dolore etur sandae nonsequo mint. Genit ipsam fugitectem doluptam es si id ut velicim aciur, simusandis enet audae dessinc tatiuntotat moluptur, solupis LABELS HELVETICA NEUE Helvetica Neue Helvetica Neue HELVETICA NEW CHOOSE ONE SERIF FONT FOR RUNNING TEXT AND ONE SANS-SERIF FONT FOR HEADERS AND LABELS; A VARIETY OF SIZES, DISPLAY TYPES, AND TINTS ADDS VISUAL INTEREST TO THE PRESENTATION. typography