RURAL SKILL DEVELOPMENT PRESENTATION BY AMAN DWIVEDI
- 2. India is characterized as developing economy and still nearly 65% of total Indian population live in rural areas. It would not be wrong to say that India lives in village despite of the fact that their total contribution in total GDP of India is only 18%. Rural areas are specialized more in agriculture while Industries are located mostly at urban location giving a weak rural-urban linkage which ultimately results in lower pace of development in rural area. Industrialization has a major role to play in the economic development of the underdeveloped countries. The urban industries are characterized by high level of automation and use of heavy machinery with advance technology, huge capital investment and ample amount of financing through various leading big financial institution (both public and private financial institutions). On the other hand rural industries are basically based on Agro-based industries which mostly lack technical specialization and proper funding unlike urban industries. Introduction
- 3. To create opportunities, space and scope for the development of the talents of the Indian youth and To develop more of those sectors which have already been put under skill development . To identify new sectors for skill development. To provide training and skill development to 500 million youth of our country by 2020. To cover each and every village under various schemes.
- 4. The emphasis is to skill the youths to generate employment and also improve entrepreneurship. Provide training, support and guidance for all occupations that were of traditional type like carpenters, cobblers, welders etc. More emphasis will be given on new areas like real estate, construction, transportation, where skill development is inadequate or nil. Another remarkable feature of the ‘Skill India’ programme would be to create a hallmark called ‘Rural India Skill’, so as to standardize and certify the training process. Tailor-made, need-based programmes would be initiated for specific age groups which can be like language and communication skills.
- 5. The idea is to raise confidence, improve productivity . Skill development enables the youths to get blue-collar jobs. It is very essential to channelize youth for proper job opportunities. This scheme provides a balanced growth in all the sectors. Skill development would reach the rural and remote areas aiding in overall growth. Corporate educational institutions, non-government organizations, and society would help in the development of skills.
- 6. Seekho Aur Kamao •Scheme was implemented in 2013-14 •Out of many skill development schemes,Seekno Aur Kamao is a special scheme for Minorities under which it runs courses as per Modular Employable Skills (MES). •The age of trainees should be between 14 to 35 years of age. •Implemented by Ministry of Minorities affairs, the scheme focuses skilling and upskilling of youth from minorities so that that can earn their livelihood.
- 7. Skill Development Scheme of NBCFDC A tremendous initiative by National Backward Classes Finance & Development Corporation, SDS aims at creating an ecosystem for people below the poverty line & backward classes by skilling on a large scale in the form of target groups. NBCFDC was incorporated under Section 25 of the Companies Act 1956 on 13th January 1992 as a Company not for profit with an objective to promote economic and developmental activities for the benefit of Backward Classes
- 8. Employment through Skills Training and Placement (EST&P) EST &P is a flagship programme of the central government being implemented by Department of Urban Development and Housing. Mission mode approach to promote skill-training opportunities so that there is increase in productivity of workforce both in the organized and the unorganized sectors. Entire skilling programme of EST&P as it entails not just training but also assessment and certification leading to sustainable job placement. Support the trainees/ beneficiaries in procuring and sharing information on the various government and private initiatives in employment.
- 9. Self-Employment Program (SEP) Self-Employment Program or SEP is an initiative under National Urban Livelihood Mission (NULM) implemented by State Urban Livelihood Mission (SULM). Focus on financial assistance to individuals/groups of urban poor for setting up gainful self-employment ventures/ micro-enterprises, suited to their skills, training, aptitude and local conditions. The underemployed and unemployed urban poor will be encouraged to set up small enterprises relating to manufacturing, servicing and petty business for which there is considerable local demand. The percentage of women beneficiaries under SEP shall not be less than 30 percent No minimum educational qualification is required for prospective beneficiaries under this component.
- 10. Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM): To reduce poverty and vulnerability of the urban poor households by enabling them to access gainful self employment and skilled wage employment opportunities. The mission would aim at providing shelters equipped with essential services to the urban homeless in a phased manner The mission would also address livelihood concerns of the urban street vendors by facilitating access to suitable spaces, institutional credit, social security and skills to the urban street vendors for accessing emerging market opportunities.
- 11. Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojna(PMKVY) : • PMKVY is a unique initiative of Ministry of Skill development & Entrepreneurship where it focuses on industry. •It focuses on carrying skill development in India. •Short term courses: Training institutes can run short term courses for fresh skilling under this head. •The general norms of short term courses like job roles that are not defined under the available Qualification Packs (QPs).
- 12. Skill Development Initiative Scheme (SDIS) • Implemented by Directorate General Training (DGT) under Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, SDIS aims at providing skill training to early school leavers & existing workers . •SDIS focuses on providing vocational training on the basis of Modular Employable Skills (MES) to school drop outs, ITI graduates, existing workers etc.
- 13. NSDC self-sponsored training (NSDC) NSDC has the mandate of skilling 150 million people by 2022. The focus is to provide affordable, job oriented training in courses that are fully aligned with National Skills Qualification Framework (NSQF) in 40 Sectors More than 270 affiliated training partners of National Skill Development Corporation(NSDC) conduct short term skill development training at their 7000+ training centres
- 14. Problems Faced For Rural Development In India AGRICULTURE RELATED PROB:- > Lack of expected awareness, knowledge, skill and attitude. > Unavailability of inputs. > Poor marketing facility. > Unwillingness to work and stay in rural areas. INFRASTRUCTRAL RELATED PROBLEMS:- > Water > Electricity > Transport > Educational institutions > Communication > Health > Employment > Storage facility etc
- 15. Some other Problems:- > Traditional way of thinking. > Poor understanding. > Low level of education to understand > Lack of confidence. > developmental efforts and new technology. > Poor awareness. >Low level of education.
- 16. Unless a lot more effort is put, the rural sector will remain underdeveloped. There are many areas of alternate employment apart from agriculture which has to be promoted. Further, credit and infrastructure should be given as a boost so as to encourage the people of the rural sector to take in some sustainable livelihood and improve their standards of living . Environment and rural development go hand in hand and hence issue like pollution should be addressed and organic farming should be promoted and be given a boost. Although agriculture is the main sector of revenue most of the rural sector is engaged in agriculture. Advancements in weather forecasting could reduce the dependency of farmers on climate. More of efforts are further requirement in spreading the awareness among rural areas about the schemes launched for them and also a timely follow up must be taken.