Supelec m2m - iot - update 2013 - part 1

From
Machine-to-Machine (M2M)
Communications
to
Internet of Things (IoT)

Introduction to M2M/IoT
Market
Technology Roadmap
& Standards
Part 1/3
Thierry Lestable (MS’97, Ph.D’03)
Technology & Innovation Manager, Sagemcom

Disclaimer
• Besides Sagemcom SAS’, many 3rd party
copyrighted material is reused within this
brief tutorial under the ‘fair use’ approach,
for sake of educational purpose only,
and very limited edition.
• As a consequence, the current slide set
presentation usage is restricted, and is
falling under usual copyright usage.
• Thanks for your understanding!

2
© Thierry Lestable, 2012

What are we targeting during this
course?
Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications represent technological solutions and
deployments allowing Machines, Devices or Objects to communicate with each other,
w/o any human interventions.
The M2M market generated by usages, applications and services is promised to
experience an annual growth of 49%, reaching more than 220billions euros in the
coming years. This represents one of the most attractive emerging market, with
applications such as Fleet Management, Smart Metering, eHealth, and many others
facilitating daily life of the citizens, whilst truly transforming our usages in the coming
years.
Due to this massive potential both in terms of business and transforming usages, many
governments, governance bodies and thus standards are currently preparing the
adequate frameworks from legal, technological and services point of view.
During this brand new course, we’ll thus dig into this M2M arena, in order to understand first
the wide variety of usages & services potentially offered, together with the
technologies available (Wireless, Wireline, IP, Security…), and how they cooperate with
each other, whilst key features of M2M will be identified. Particular attention will be paid to
IP.
Finally, since Interoperability is the keystone of M2M, we’ll review the state-of-Art (SoA) of
the whole M2M ecosystem, including worldwide standards (3GPP, ETSI M2M, IEEE
802.16, IETF…) and industry forums currently trying to push for both solutions and
usages.
3

Outline of whole course
Introduction to M2M market
Industrial Landscape: value chain, new applications & usages, Products
Trends and achievable market

Keystone Technologies & M2M Architecture
M2M Architecture(s): Vertical Markets & generic approach, economy of scale & Interoperability
Wireless M2M: Cellular (2G, 3G, LTE, WiMAX), Shortrange (WiFi, ZigBee, BT, RFID, Z-wave, etc…)
Wireline M2M (PLC,…)
IP M2M: IP-to-the-sensor (constrained IP stacks), autoconfiguration algorithms, M2M networks connected to Internet
Key functionalities
Security, privacy, trust
Device management: protocols, Firmware Over The Air (FOTA), remote diagnostic, self-discovery, scalability
Ubiquitous connectivity, interoperability
Energy efficiency
Overview of microcontrollers and embedded OS.
Context awareness and monitoring
Identification, naming and addressing: fundamental concepts of IP routing and addressing
Technology Roadmap and Standards
IETF (ROLL, 6LowPAN)
ETSI: TC M2M, ITS
3GPP: Machine Type Communications (MTC) with LTE Rel.10 & Beyond
Smart Grids: NIST architecture, IEEE P2030, Gridman, DLMS, CEN-CENELEC
IEEE P1901
DSL Forum
Conclusions: Research priorities & recommendations
Digital Agenda for Europe
Governance recommendations: Mandates from European Commission
Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) for the Future Internet
Digital Economy support in France (e.g. Grand Emprunt)
4

ToC – Part 1
• Market
• Internet of Things (IoT)
– RFID/QR codes/Augmented Reality/NFC
– Governance rules
• Architecture
• Capillary Networks & Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)
– KNX/ISA-100/W-HART/Bluetooth/Zigbee/ANT+/WiFi
11ac/ad/Direct
– IPSO/6LoWPAN/ROLL
• Smart Home
– Z-wave/Wavenis
– DLNA/UPnP
– Management (BBF)

5

ToC- Part 2
• WAN - LTE
• WiFi/Cellular Convergence
• WiMAX – M2M
• Smart Grids
– Use cases/Features/Overview
– SGCG/M490
– SMCG/M441
– G3 PLC/PRIME
– Governance
• Smart Vehicles (ITS)
– DSRC/WAVE/802.11p
– EC Mandate/ETSI/ITS-G5
– Use cases/Features

6

ToC – Part 3
• Cloud
– Gaming
– TV Connected
• Smart TVs
• Thin Clients/Stream boxes
• PVR
• Standardization & industry Alliances
• Net neutrality
• Conclusions & Perspectives
– French Market
– Worldwide Forecast

7

Market opportunities

From Vertical ‘niche’ markets to
Outstanding opportunities…

Mobile Broadband (MBB) Experience
Connected Life: Home, on-the-move, Work

Traffic Generated

Source: CISCO VNI Mobile 2011
9

IoT – Commuting Time

10

Smart City
What we are looking for….ultimately…

Whilst avoiding ‘Big Brother’ & maintaining ‘Privacy’…
11

Yesterday: People Connecting to People

Presented by Interdigital: Globecom’11 – IWM2M, Houston 12

Today: People Connecting to Things


Tomorrow: Network of Networks, Internet of
Things (IoT)


Non-exhaustive list of M2M
applications & services
Car Telematic
Fleet Management
Parking & Traffic Management in urban areas
Positioning Systems
Smart Metering
POS-Terminal
Security
Remote Monitoring of Green Energy power plants
Remote Management of Assets & Products
Environmental monitoring & ICT support to a sustainable economic
growth
eHealth
• Etc…

15

Traffic Growth Opportunitites
Global M2M Eco-system revenues
1,200,000
45
1,000,000 Industrial 40 Transport
Automobile
35
800,000
Entertainment 30

Billion $
25 Services
600,000
Mobile 20
400,000 15 Software
10
200,000 5 Hardware
Computers 0
0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Strategy Analytics – March 2006
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Growth of Internet « Connections »:
• 2005-2008: Fixed-Mobile
Convergence (FMC)
• 2008-2012: M2M
Communications

16

Market Evolution
Cellular M2M Communications
Short Range M2M Communications
(GSM/GPRS/EDGE &
(WiFi, Zigbee, Bluetooth, RFID)
WCDMA/HSPA)
ZigBee Chipset Shipment Forecast by Application
SIM Cards for M2M (Europe) Segment

70 140
60
120
Other
50 Home automation
Millions d'unités

POS terminals 100

Millions units
Home networking
40 Security alarms
80 Industrial automation
30 Energy meters
Commercial vehicles 60 Utilities
20
Private vehicles Building automation
40
10 Toys
20
0
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 0
Berg insights – The European Wireless M2M market - 2008 West - WIRELESS SENSOR AND M2M MARKETS - 2005
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Combination of both are necessary
for economically viable solutions,
within a Market worth 40Bn$

17

Main trends and drivers
The dramatic growth of mobile data traffic
Source:IDATE
UK mobile data traffic growth AT&T traffic evolution

Source: Ofcom
Source: AT&T
Mobile data traffic evolution (TB per million inhabitants per
month) in some European countries
Daily traffic consumption in Europe

Source: Sandvine
Source: ECC PT1
18

Mobile traffic forecasts 2010-2020: Worlwide

Total mobile traffic
•As a conclusion, total worldwide mobile traffic will reach more than 127 EB
in 2020, representing an 33 times increase compared with 2010 figure.
Total mobile traffic (EB per year)

140.00

120.00

100.00
Yearly traffic in EB

Europe
80.00 Americas
Asia
60.00 Rest of the world
W orld
40.00

20.00

-
2010 2015 2020

Source: IDATE

19

Wireless M2M: 4 pillars

20

M2M Deployment Challenges

Source: Yankee group, 2008

Need for OPEN Standards, Open API & SDK, industry groups,
Incentive Regulation and Governance

21

A Bright Future for M2M & IoT

22

Connected Devices: Services

23

M2M Cellular: Vertical Market
Growth

24

New M2M Value Chain:
Stakeholders opportunities & roles

25

M2M ecosystem

26

M2M: Paving the way towards IoT

Source: Orange 27

M2M Market:
Maturity assessment

Source: ORANGE
28

Carriers co-operations with M2M
players

29

Miniaturization towards the IoT
Number
of Devices

Cost & Size

30

Smaller Cost, Size & Consumption

31

Sagemcom products
Sagemcom products

Broadband & Residential Terminals
Broadband Terminals
Voice & Multimedia

Documents
Communication devices
Branded products
Document management software & solutions

Digital Set-Top Box Energy & Telecom
Energy
Systems & Networks

32

Internet of Things
(IoT)

Smart World: IPSO vision

34

IoT & Future Internet

Active & Sensitive Ambient Intelligence
Systems

35

IoT, Technology Roadmap

36

Connected objects: Segmentation map

37

Internet of Things
Enablers Barriers
Energy Lack of Governance
Intelligence Privacy & Security
Communication
Integration
Interoperability
Standards
Manufacturing

Applications Ubiquitous intelligent devices
Things on the move Ambient and Assisted Living
Retail (AAL)
Bar code replacement by
–eHealth
RFID Tag
Logistic –Intelligent Home
Pharmaceutical –Transportation
Food

Society,
–People, Security & Privacy

38

IoT: Food Traceability

39

IoT: Drug Traceability

40

IoT Key Enablers

41

RFID Communication platform

42

3 RFID Tags categories
(1) (2) (3)

Short Range

BAP = Battery Assist Passive 43

RFID passive Tags:
function Vs Frequency

44

RFID – Parcs & Jardins - Paris

45

IoT: Identity Interoperability
Challenges

46

Id Tag examples
• 2D bar codes • 1D (linear) bar code
examples

47

Id Tag B2C scenario example

48

WTF QR Codes

http://wtfqrcodes.com/
49

WTF QR Codes

50

Source: Ericsson Business Review

51

Augmented Reality – Vuforia SDK

53

Augmented Reality…

54

RFID NFC

106 Kbps
212 Kbps
424 Kbps

55

NFC use cases

56

NFC: 3 operating modes

Universal Mobile Wallet

57

IoT – European Vision 2020

58

IoT, European Commission

59

IoT, European Commission
• Need for Governance Actions
– Privacy & protection of personnal Data
– Trust, Acceptance & Security
– Standardization

Internet of Things

Internet of Things for People

60

Privacy Protection: 4 facets

61

IoT: Privacy act (US)

Notice

Privacy

Labeling Deactivation

62

Architecture

Very High Level introduction…

High Level (simplified) M2M
Architecture
Capillary
Network

Operator
platform

M2M
Gateway

Client
Application

64

Network of Networks, Internet of Things
(IoT)


IoT & Cloud Computing

66

Global Internet speed – Worldwide (Akamai)

Cloud Requires to cope with E2E Internet performance bottleneck,
Especially the ‘Last Mile’ Access.

Capillary Network &
Wireless Sensors Network
(WSN)
Key Technologies
From proprietary solutions
towards IP smart objects…

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)
evolution
Price Scalability
Cabling Proprietary ZigBee 6lowpan
radio + network Internet

Z-Wave, prop. ZigBee and 6lowpan
Any vendor
ISM etc. WHART ISA100

Cables Vendor Complex Open development
lock-in middleware and portability

1980s 2000 2006 2008 ->

Increased
Productivity

70

Konnex (KNX)
• Worldwide Home & building Automation

European Installation Bus (EIB) is
an European Std (ISO), created in 1987.
It is thus Open Std.
• International Std: ISO/IEC 14543-3
• European Std:
• CENELEC EN50090
• CEN EN 13321-1 / 13321-2
• Chinese Std: GB/Z 20965
• US Std: ANSI/ASHRAE 135

71

KNX: The EIB Bus
• EIB Bus system principle
Medium Transmission:
-Twisted Pair (TP)
-Powerline (PL)
-RF

72

ISA 100: Industrial Automation
ISA100.11a Wireless is based on ISA: International Society for Automation
IEEE 802.15.4 (WPAN) & IETF 6LoWPAN

802.15.4-2006 2.4 GHz used as in standard
Except: carrier sensing is optional
802.15.4-2006 MAC sub-layer used as in the standard
ISA100.11a adds MAC features on-top of this
Channel hopping
Slotted hopping and slow hopping
Time coordination
No MAC retransmissions
No 802.15.4 beacon mode features used
73

WirelessHART

74

WirelessHART

Source: Ron Helson, GSC MSTF - 2011

75

WirelessHART

Source: Ron Helson, GSC MSTF - 2011 76

Bluetooth
(Master in one piconet can be
Piconet (up to 7 active Devices) bridge
a slave in another)

2.4 GHz ISM band
79 x 1MHz channels

BT version Throughput (Mbps)
v1.2 1
v2.0+EDR 3
v3.0 + HS 24
Star Topology scatternet

Max Range Max Power
1998 - BT technology is officially introduced and the Bluetooth SIG is formed. Class (m) dBm mW
Bluetooth technology's intended basic purpose is to be a wire replacement 1 100 20 100
1999 - Bluetooth 1.0 Specification is introduced. 2 10 4 2,5
3 1 0 1
2003 - announcement of Version 2.1.
2004 - v 2.0 + EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) is introduced.
2005 - v 2.0 + EDR begin to hit the market in late 2005.
2007 - v 2.1 + EDR is adopted by the Bluetooth SIG.
2009 - v 3.0 + HS (High Speed) is adopted by the Bluetooth SIG.
Wi-Fi as alternate PHY/MAC
2010 – v4.0: WiBree (Ultra Low Power) integrated into Bluetooth,
as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)

Up to 7 controllers

77

Zigbee

IEEE 802.15.4 features
Data rates of 250 kbps, 40 kbps, and 20 kbps.
Two addressing modes; 16-bit short and 64-bit IEEE addressing.
Support for critical latency devices, such as joysticks.
CSMA-CA channel access.
Automatic network establishment by the coordinator.
Fully handshaked protocol for transfer reliability.
Power management to ensure low power consumption.
16 channels in the 2.4GHz ISM band, 10 channels in the 915MHz I
and one channel in the 868MHz band. 78

ANT+ Ecosystem

79

ANT+: ‘The power of less’

80

WiFi IEEE 802.11ac (1/2)

Source: Cisco

81

WiFi IEEE 802.11ac (2/2)

82

WiGig
802.11ad

January 2013 !

USB & PCIe

Up to 7Gbps !

USB & PCIe

Beamforming 83
PAL = Protocol Adaptation Layer

WiFi Direct™ (P2P) (1/2)
WiFi Peer-to-Peer (P2P)

84

WiFi Direct™ (P2P) (2/2)

85

IP for Smart Object (IPSO) Alliance
• Support Activities • Activities
– IETF 6LoWPAN – Interoperability Tests
– IETF ROLL (IOT)
– ISA100 – Architecture Design
– IEEE – Technology Proof of
Concepts (PoC)
– White Papers
– Tutorials/Dissemination

86

IETF 6LoWPAN
IPv6 over Low-power WPAN
• IETF RFC 4919, 4944 • 16/64 bit IEEE 802.15.4
• 6LoWPAN is an ADAPTATION addressing
Header Format! • Efficient header compression
– IPv6 base and extension headers,
UDP header
• Network autoconfiguration using
neighbor discovery
• Unicast, multicast and broadcast
support
– Multicast is compressed and
mapped to broadcast
• Fragmentation
– 1280 byte IPv6 MTU -> 127 byte
802.15.4 frames
• Support for IP routing (e.g. IETF
RPL)
• Support for use of link-layer mesh
(e.g. 802.15.5)

IPv6-LoWPAN Router Stack
87

IETF ROLL
Routing Over Low-power and Lossy networks
• Standardizing a routing algorithm for embedded apps
• Application specific requirements
– Home automation
– Commercial building automation
– Industrial automation
– Urban environments
• Analyzed all existing protocols
• Solution must work over IPv6 and 6LoWPAN
• Routing Protocol in-progress called RPL “Ripple”
– Proactive distance-vector approach
– See draft-ietf-roll-rpl for detailed information

88

Contiki – uIPv6 stack
• Open source • uIPv6 Design
• Small footprint
– Code size ~ 11.5Kb
– RAM usage ~ 1.8Kb
– Fit on most constraint
Sensors platforms
• Certified
– IPv6 Phase 1
• IPv6 Specs (RFC2460)
– interoperable with
stacks from all other • IPv6 Addressing (RFC4291)
certified vendors • Neighbor Discovery (RFC 4861)
• Stateless Address Config
(RFC4862)
• ICMPv6 (RFC4443)

89

Berkeley initiative
http://www-bsac.eecs.berkeley.edu/

• http://openwsn.berkel • http://wsn.eecs.berkel
ey.edu/ ey.edu/connectivity/
Open source implementations + Connectivity data repositary & IETF ROLL/RPL test

90

Home Automation

92

Wavenis OSA

93

Wavenis Benchmarking at a glance

94

Wavenis products range

Metering Devices
RFID Devices
Control Devices

95

SAGEM ENERGY
GATEWAY
Smart Home: Energy aspect
T°sensor

Energy
Collection
Unit

IR Controller

LAN

Energy box

Media
converter

Energy
Controller
X2D

Display
On/Off
Switch

Energy meters

96

Smart Digital Home

97

Smart Digital Home: Connecting
Technologies

Source: FP7 OMEGA
98

Smart Home: Architecture issues
STB
“IT world”
-IP
-Web Technos
-Mobile
ADSL BOX
FTTH Home networking

Grid, Solar, wind,
Electrical vehicle
Energy Control Box In Home display

Shutters, Lights,
Electrical panel Appliances,
Electrical vehicle…

Switch

Smart plug
“non IT
Electrical meter world”
-RF
Water meter Security sensors -CPL
Gaz meter 99

Home Network Architecture:
current status Vertical Markets
DMA
IP TV STB

NAS Screen
Internet
IP /
Triple Play GW Home networking
ADSL
FTTH
IP, UPnP, DLNA

VoIP
Eth, WiFi, CPL, USB, DECT, FXS PC
DECT
phone

Home
Automation GW Home Automation
X10, Zigbee, ….
Sensors

Energy GW
Energy
IP /
GPRS CPL,MBUS, Zigbee, ….

eHealth

Health GW Bluetooth, ….
Dedicated servers 100

Migration path towards Unification
DMA
IP TV STB

NAS
Screen
Internet Triple Play GW Home networking
IP, UPnP, DLNA
ADSL Eth, WiFi, CPL, USB,
FTTH
VoIP PC
GSM, DECT, FXS
DECT
phone
IP

Home Automation
X10, Zigbee, ….

Service GWs Sensors
Energy Actuators

CPL,MBUS, Zigbee, ….

eHealth

Bluetooth, ….
Dedicated servers

101

Connecting whole ecosystem
DMA
IP TV STB

NAS
Screen
Internet Triple Play GW Home networking
IP, UPnP, DLNA
FTTH
VoIP PC
GSM, DECT, FXS
DECT
phone
IP

Home Automation
X10, Zigbee, ….

Service GWs Sensors
Energy Actuators


eHealth

Bluetooth, ….
Dedicated servers

102

Portability of applications: integrated
solution DMA
IP TV STB

NAS
Screen
Internet Multi-services GW Home networking
IP, UPnP, DLNA
FTTH
VoIP PC
GSM, DECT, FXS
DECT
phone
IP

Home Automation
X10, Zigbee, ….

Sensors
Energy Actuators

dedicated
service GW

eHealth

Bluetooth, ….
Dedicated servers

103

NFC can also (still) play a
role…somehow

104

Healthcare: (m/e)Health

mHealth eHealth

105

Roadmap of Smart Systems for
Healthcare applications

106

Security Commercial Offer:
Example
SFR HomeScope

Recevez des alertes SMS / MMS / e-mail ILLIMITEES en
cas de détection de mouvement

Accédez, en direct et en ILLIMITE, aux vidéos de votre
caméra depuis internet ou votre mobile 3G/3G+
Profitez de l’application gratuite
SFR HomeScope !
Contrôlez à distance votre caméra
Installation Plug & Play directement depuis votre mobile
Androïd
Caméra vision 360°
Application également disponible sur iPhone
Vision nocturne infrarouge 3G/3GS

Détecteur de mouvement intégré 4,50€/mois pendant 12 mois puis 9€/mois
Compatible toutes box internet Tarif valable jusqu’à 4 caméras maximum

107

Surveillance scenario

108

Digital Living Network Alliance
(DLNA)
• DLNA (www.dlna.org) is focused DLNA v1.0
on delivering an interoperability
framework of design guidelines UPnP
based on open industry standards
to complete the cross-industry
digital convergence
• DLNAv1 regroups many existing
standards (UPnP, HTTP, Audio
and Video formats) into a single
document that insures that home
devices
will interoperate
• UPnP and UPnP/AV are
important parts of building any
DLNA solutions

109

UPnP Overview (1/2)
Universal Plug and Play

Control Point Device

• UDP used for Discovery since multicast
• SSDP: simple Search/Discovery Protocol [IETF]
• SOAP = Simple Object Access Protocol [W3C]
• GENA: General Event Notification Architecture • action on Device • provide services
[IETF] • react to notifications of • Notify change of states (events)
• HTML is the basis of user interface state changes from devices
• ALL UPnP messages are framed using XML

DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol / XML: Extensible Markup Language
110

UPnP Overview (2/2)
Universal Plug and Play

0: Addressing 3: Control
DHCP or ARP SOAP

1: Discovery 4: Eventing
SSDP GENA

4: Eventing
1: Discovery
GENA
SSDP

2: Description 5: Presentation
XML HTML

111

Broadband Management Suite

112

Home Network Convergence

Video Access Environme eHealth
Security Femtocell Screen Set Top Box HGW Meter Control nt Appliance Sensor
Sensor

BROADBAND HOME NETWORK SENSOR NETWORK
Quadruple Play Energy Managt, Home Control, eHealth

QoS / Plug and Play / Easy install / Security

Portable Applications
OSGI
TR69 TR69 / SNMP

DLNA
UPnP IP V6
IP V4 / V6 6LoWPAN / ZigBee

Ethernet, WiFi, Home Plug , USB, G.Hn
ZigBee, CPL, MBUS, X10
DECT, FXS, 3G/4G

114

MWC’2011 & 2012!

115

MWC’2011
• Usages • Partnerships
– eHealth – France Telecom +
Deutsche Telekom

– Smart City (Traffic – Vodafone + Intel
Lights)

NFC on Smartphones…
116

Mobile World Congress (MWC) 2012

Mobile Money Products (NFC)

Google Wallet

117

Mobile Money Ecosystem

118

Mobile Money – Role of Operators

119

Near Field Communications
(NFC)

120

Vodafone – Connected Home

121

Connected Home – Connected
Living

122

Living

123

Living

Bluetooth
Bluetooth Low Energy
WiFi
ANT+

Continua certified
Support 3G and 2G cellular communications

124

Living – IEEE P1905.1

125

Living – Security

126

Living – M2M Applications

Do It Yourself (DIY) M2M Applications

127

Supelec m2m - iot - update 2013 - part 1

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