System-on-Chip
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This document discusses system-on-chip (SoC) concepts, design principles, an example multimedia system, and the SoC design flow. It describes how SoCs integrate CPU, memory and custom hardware onto a single chip to improve efficiency. Key principles include distributed and heterogeneous processing, communications through multiple bus segments, and hierarchical control. An example portable multimedia SoC is presented with dedicated signal processing, general purpose processing and optimal parallelism control. The SoC design flow involves specification, design, validation and production.
System-on-Chip
- 1. CHAPTER 8: SYSTEM-ON-CHIP Chris Desomer Lars Jacobs |H05B9| Advanced Platform Architectures and Mapping Methods for Embedded Applications: Lecture prof. dr. Ir. IngridVerbauwhede
- 2. Topics for today • SoC Concept • Design Principles in SoC Architecture • Example: Portable Multimedia System • SoC Design Flow October 4, 2013 2 http://blog.thoughtpick.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/web_design_services.11-18.web_content.jpg
- 3. SoC CONCEPT SoC Concept Design Principles in SoCArchitecture Example: Portable Multimedia System SoC Design Flow October 4, 2013 3
- 4. SoC Concept October 4, 2013 4 • Platform for Domain-Specific Computing
- 5. Advantages • Specialization of the Platform • High Processing Efficiency • Lower Power Consumption • Flexibility of the Platform • Lower Design Cost October 4, 2013 5
- 6. Hardware Components • CPU • Central Controller • Local Instruction Memory October 4, 2013 6 • Communication Bus • Address Map • Divided into Segments • Bus Bridge
- 7. Hardware Components • Bus Master • BusArbiter needed when Multiple Masters October 4, 2013 7 • Custom Hardware • Standard Peripheral on System Bus • Attached to CPU through Local Bus • Inside CPU
- 8. DESIGN PRINCIPLES IN SoC ARCHITECTURE SoC Concept Design Principles in SoC Architecture Example: Portable Multimedia System SoC Design Flow October 4, 2013 9
- 9. Design Principles • Heterogeneous and Distributed Data Processing • Heterogeneous and Distributed Communications • Heterogeneous and Distributed Storage • Hierarchical Control October 4, 2013 10
- 10. Data Processing • Data Processing Parallelism • Word-Level Parallelism • Instruction-Level Parallelism • Task-Level Parallelism • Domain-Specific Computing October 4, 2013 11
- 11. Communications • Central bus = bottleneck?! • Solution: Multiple Bus Segments • Own Function and Speed • Connected through Bus Bridges • ≠ types of interconnection mechanisms October 4, 2013 12
- 12. BusTopologies • Linear • Bus Bridges • Bus Arbitration needed • Hierarchy • Static Assignment • Non–linear • Bus Switches • Limited Scalability • Network On Chip October 4, 2013 13
- 13. Storage • ≠Types of Memories • Registers • DRAM • SRAM • NVROM • NVRAM October 4, 2013 14
- 14. Control • SoC • Outside = Single Logical Entity • Inside = Many Hardware Modules in Parallel • Challenge to Minimize Conflicts • Task of the Designer October 4, 2013 15
- 15. EXAMPLE: PORTABLE MULTIMEDIA SYSTEM SoC Concept Design Principles in SoCArchitecture Example: Portable Multimedia System SoC Design Flow October 4, 2013 16
- 16. Digital Media Processor October 4, 2013 17
- 17. Design Principles • Processing • Hardwired Processing • Signal Processing • General-purpose Processing • Communication • Switchbox • Additional Dedicated Interconnects (e.g. Bus between ARM and Instruction Memory) • Storage • Off-chip SDRAM • Dedicated Instruction Memories attached to DSP andARM • Control • Optimal Parallelism controled by ARM October 4, 2013 18
- 18. Exynos 5 Dual October 4, 2013 19
- 19. SoC DESIGN FLOW SoC Concept Design Principles in SoCArchitecture Example: Portable Multimedia System SoC Design Flow October 4, 2013 20
- 20. October 4, 2013 21
- 21. References •Schaumont, P. (2012) A Practical Introduction to Hardware/Software Codesign. Springer •Wikipedia, “System on a chip.”, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_on_a_chip •Samsung, “Exynos 5 Dual.”, http://www.samsung.com/global/business/semiconduct or/product/application/detail?productId=7668 October 4, 2013 22