Computer basics(1) (2)

 Help us perform tasks efficiently and
quickly
 Are used in almost every field/industry
 Made of various parts
› Input devices
› Output devices
› Processing devices
› Storage devices

 Hardware
› “Refers to all the physical
components connected to a
computer” (microsoft.com)

Input Devices
 Mouse
 Keyboard
 Microphone
 Scanner
 Webcam
 Stylus
 Digital Camera
Output Devices
 Monitor
 Printer
 Speakers
 Headphones
 Projector

Processing Devices
 CPU
 Memory
 Motherboard
 Video Card
 Network Interface Card
 Sound Card
Storage Devices
 Hard Drive
 Floppy Disk
 CD-ROM
 DVD-ROM
 Jump Drive

 This is the brain of
your computer.
 It interprets and runs
the commands you
give the computer.
 A processor these
days can have several
"cores," each of which
is similar to an
independent
processor.

RAM
(Random access memory)
› Main memory
› Temporary
› Only available when
computer is on
Where information is stored and retrieved by the CPU.
ROM
(Read only memory)
› Permanent
› Used to store commands
› Remains even when
computer is off

 A large circuit board
inside a computer
 Connects input, output
and processing devices
and tells the CPU how to
run.

 Used to process
graphics
 Because most of
today's programs are
graphically oriented,
the video card can
help almost any
program run more
efficiently.

 Hardware that allows a
computer to be connected
to other computers (a
network) so information
can be exchanged
between them.

 Converts audio signals to digital
signals that can be stored as a
audio file.
 Converts audio signals to
electrical signals to play
through speakers or
headphones.

 An input and output
device that can receive
and burn data.

 Main storage device
on a computer
 Stores the operating
system, the programs
and all of your
documents.
 When your computer
powers down, the data
on a hard drive
remains intact.

 CD-ROM
› Commonly stores music
or pictures
 DVD-ROM
› Can store more data
than a CD-ROM
› Commonly stores
movies and videos
 USB Flash Drive
› “Jump drive”
› Various sizes (4GB,
8GB, 16GB)
› Stores files, pictures,
videos, etc.

 Software
› A collection of computer
programs and related data
that provide the instructions
for telling a computer what to
do and how to do it.

 Provides the basic functions for computer
usage and helps run the computer hardware
and system.
› Device drivers
› Operating systems
› Servers
› Utilities
› Window systems

 Provides tools to assist a programmer in writing
computer programs, and software using
different programming languages in a more
convenient way.
› Compilers
› Debuggers
› Interpreters
› Linkers
› Text Editors

 Developed to aid in any task that benefits from
computation. It is a broad category, and
encompasses software of many kinds,
including:
› Business Software (QuickBooks, etc.)
› Databases
› Spreadsheets
› Video Games
› Productivity Programs (Word, PowerPoint,
Excel, etc.)

 The most important software on
the computer.
 Every computer must have an
operating system to run other programs.
 Controls and manages the hardware
connected to the computer.
 Helps organize and manage files and
folders.

Open (free)
 Ubuntu
 Linux
Closed ($$$)
 Windows 10
 Windows 8
 Windows 7 *****
 Windows XP
 Windows Vista
 Snow Leopard

DESKTOP- Icons, Wallpaper, Task Bar,
System Tray
START MENU TASK BAR SYSTEM TRAY

Recently used programs
Files, Settings & Features
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Computer basics(1) (2)

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