This document summarizes key projects from the R3 Engineering and Safety Program, which is part of Australia's Cooperative Research Centres Programme. It outlines research on railway level crossings, condition monitoring, and new methods and products. Specific projects evaluate level crossing protection systems, use video cameras on trains to assess behaviors, develop a national rail safety database, improve insulated rail joints, manage rail squats, optimize rail grinding, and apply condition-based maintenance of ballast and detection of short rail defects. Future research directions include reducing energy use and emissions on railways as well as continued emphasis on maintenance, safety, and suburban rail projects.