Week 5 lecture notes books industry
- 1. TheBook Publishing Industry Books and the Power of Print . “Outside of a dog, a book is man's best friend. Inside of a dog it's too dark to read.” ― Groucho Marx
- 2. Anindustryinastateofflux The number of new titles published annually is on the rise yet the income from those titles is falling. Fiction leads the way in a rising number of titles and declining revenues. This means more work for publishers for less revenue 1 Publishing services is growing, which includes the sale or licensing of rights to content, printing services for others, fulfillment services, and sales of ad space. 2 While dealing with new formats and a need to build new distribution networks, publishers are faced with downward pressure on prices. 3
- 3. Stuff to use
- 4. Monthly retail sales of book stores in the United States from January 2015 to September 2018 (in million U.S. dollars) Monthly retail sales of U.S. book stores 2015-2018 Note: United States; January 2015 to September 2018 Further information regarding this statistic can be found on page 8. Source(s): US Census Bureau; ID 207468 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 Jan '15 Feb '15 Mar '15 Apr '15 May '15 Jun '15 Jul '15 Aug '15 Sep '15 Oct '15 Nov '15 Dec '15 Jan '16 Feb '16 Mar '16 Retail sales in million U.S. dollars 2
- 5. Retail 717.89 692.02 619.22 376.87 333.37 262.01 117.36 96.97 83.22 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Food & beverage stores General merchandise stores Nonstore retailers Building materials, garden equipment & supplies Health & personal care stores Clothing & clothing accessories stores Furniture & home furnishings stores Electronics & appliance stores Sporting goods, hobby, book & music stores Retail sales in billion U.S. dollars Note: United States; 2017 Further information regarding this statistic can be found on page 88. Source(s): US Census Bureau; ID 289776 25 Annual retail sales in the United States in 2017, by store type (in billion U.S. dollars)* U.S. retail: annual sales 2017, by store type
- 6. Authors 84 94 91 90 89 95 87 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 May 2010 to April 2011 May 2011 to May 2012 June 2012 to June 2013 June 2013 to June 2014 June 2014 to June 2015 June 2015 to June 2016 June 2016 to June 2017 EarningsinmillionU.S.dollars Note: Further information regarding this statistic can be found on page 112. Source(s): Forbes; ID 321732 52 Annual earnings of James Patterson from May 2010 to June 2017 (in million U.S. dollars) James Patterson - earnings 2010-2017
- 7. Historyof Books Ancient world Papyrus •Used in Egypt as early as 2400 B.C.E. Parchment •Treated animal skin •Replaced papyrus in Europe Codex •First protomodern book •Made of bound materials by the Romans, 4th century The practice of making extra copies of manuscripts goes back to ancient times in Rome there were booksellers and the copying of books by trained slaves reached considerable proportions.
- 8. MiddleAges The development of manuscript culture Books painstakingly lettered, decorated, and bound by hand Entrepreneurial stage of the evolution of books In the 12th century, most books in Europe were produced by monks in monasteries.
- 10. Blockprintingandmovabletype Block printing Developed by Chinese printers Enabled multiple copies to be printed and bound together The next big thing in 1448 was a technology called “movable type”, invented for commercial use by Johannes Gutenberg Movable type Invented in China around 1000 Made creating block pages faster Developed independently in Europe in the 1400s
- 11. ThePrintingPress cast individual letters (type) and then compose (move) these to make up printable pages. This disrupted the mainstream media of the day—the work of monks who were manually transcribing texts or carving entire pages into wood blocks for printing. within decades movable type spread across Europe, beginning an information age called the Renaissance Inestimable influence on Western culture Helped make books cheaper Permitted information and knowledge to spread outside local jurisdictions Permitted individuals to challenge traditional wisdom and customs
- 12. BirthofpublishingintheUnitedStates Stephen Daye •Published the first colonial book, The Whole Booke of Psalms, in 1640 Benjamin Franklin •Imported and reprinted novels First paperback books in the 1830s •First dime novels in 1860 •Sometimes identified as pulp fiction 1880s •First linotype machines and the introduction of steam-powered and high-speed rotary presses Early 1900s •Development of offset lithography greatly reduced the cost of color and illustrations, and accelerated book production
- 13. TheFormationofPublishingHouses Early “prestigious” publishing houses Tried to identify and produce the works of good writers Oldest houses survive now as part of larger conglomerates. The first important publishing house (1583— 1791) was the Elzevir family in Holland, businessmen rather than scholars, and the business of bookselling grew as literacy increased. Book industry helped assimilate European immigrants into American culture, language. Despite a decline from 1910 through the 1950s, the book industry bounced back after World War II.
- 14. Booksand Literacy Literacy rates in early U. S. history topped Europe from the beginning of America Male literacy in New England was bout 60 percent. Women’s literacy was high—about 1/3 of women who died before 1670 and left wills could sign their names Where did we get this high literacy rate? From the Puritans, whose religion forced its followers to be able to read the Bible. Book publishing in the US existed early—first press in 1630—the books published were religious, and almanacs. There were private libraries in 17th century New England But only college graduates owned collections of books.
- 15. Consumers & consumption 84% 74% 71% 67% 0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 80.0% 90.0% 18-29 30-49 50-64 65+ Shareofrespondents Note: United States; January 3-10, 2018; 18 years and older; 2,002 Further information regarding this statistic can be found on page 96. Source(s): Pew Research Center; ID 249787 34 Share of adults who have read a book in any format in the last 12 months in the United States in 2018, by age Book readers in the U.S. 2018, by age
- 16. Literacy Matters Today! Go to CIA World Factbook and look at country literacy rates. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/th e-world-factbook/ Over two-thirds of the world's 785 million illiterate adults are found in only eight countries (India, China, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Indonesia, and Egypt)
- 17. EarlyU.S.TextbookIndustry The textbook industry got underway to support public schools. Massachusetts passed the first compulsory school attendance laws in 1852, followed by New York in 1853. 1852 By 1918 all states had passed laws requiring children to attend at least elementary school. 1918 Books had social impact. Consider the impact of the publication of Uncle Tom’s Cabin in the 1840s that sold 300,000 copies its first year—and converted many Americans to an antislavery viewpoint. 1840s
- 18. Paperbacks By the time of the Civil War (1860-1865) book publishing gets another push—soldiers needed something to read and the paperback book industry is born. Paperbacks were 10 cents. During the 1930s-1940s the paperbound, pocket-size book rose in popularity in English- speaking countries, and in the 1950s the "quality" paperback appeared, presenting durable yet inexpensive editions of well- known writers. By 1998 mass-market and trade paperbacks represented about 14% of all books sold in the United States.
- 19. CommercialBookPublishing Book publishing became commercialized in the United States in the early 1900s. Prio to then, book publishing was family owned. What brought about commercialization? The emergence of agents working to get authors a good deal. The success of agents forced the publishers to become more business oriented and less like a family operation. Publishers expanded into the mass market to be able to have more books out to the public. A depression in the 1890 made the publishers have to depend on banks for operating capital and banks forced them to make good business decision.. In 1936—two books broke the 2 million seller mark: Gone With the Wind and How to Win Friends & Influence People (Dale Carnegie).
- 20. Typesof Books Trade books: Adult trade, juvenile trade, comics and graphic novels Professional books: Law, business, medical, technical-scientific Textbooks: Elementary through high school (el-hi) texts, college texts, vocational texts Religious titles Reference books: Dictionaries, encyclopedias, atlases, almanacs, professional or trade-specific University press: Scholarly works for small groups
- 21. Influences of Television and Film Two major facets How TV can help sell books Promotion by talk-show hosts such as Oprah Winfrey How books serve as ideas for TV shows and movies Boardwalk Empire on HBO and Dexter on Showtime Life of Pi by Yann Martel and J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series
- 22. AudioBooks Also known as talking books or books on tape Generally feature actors or authors reading entire works or abridged versions Popular with the sightless and vision-impaired, as well as with commuters Amazon has captured 41 percent of the market (source: WSJ, Feb5, 2018)
- 24. E-books Project Gutenberg Offers more than 40,000 public domain books for free Print books move online First e-readers were too heavy, expensive, and/or difficult to read Amazon produced the first popular device (Kindle) and e- book store Accounted for 29 percent of adult fiction sales in 2015 The future of e-books Printing books on demand Reviving books that would otherwise go out of print Avoiding the inconvenience of carrying unsold books Reimagining what a book can be Hosting embedded video, hyperlinks, and dynamic content Tailoring books to specific readers
- 25. U.S. overview 180 162 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 2016 2017 Unitsalesinmillions Note: United States; 2016 and 2017; 450 publishers Further information regarding this statistic can be found on page 84. Source(s): Publishers Weekly; Nielsen BookScan; ID 191992 20 Unit sales of e-books in the United States in 2016 and 2017 (in millions) E-books: unit sales in the U.S. 2017
- 26. PreservingandDigitizingBooks •Printed on acid-based paper, which gradually deteriorates •Libraries developed preservation techniques in the 1970s. Nineteenth- century books •Developed in the early 1990s •Libraries photocopied pages onto the paper and stored the originals. Acid-free paper •Universities partnered with companies like Google and Amazon to digitize texts and make them available online •Libraries came together to create nonprofit archives called the Digital Public Library of America Digital imaging
- 27. Self-publishing Required the writer to bear the expense and had a pay-to-publish stigma until the digital era Internet-based self-publishing services appeared in the 1990s In 2007, Amazon introduced the Kindle, and with it, the first exclusively electronic self-publishing platform: Kindle Direct Publishing, which offered a new self- publishing model: it was ebook only it was free it granted self-publishers control over the pricing of their books. The success of electronic self-publishing has not been duplicated for print self-publishing
- 28. Self-publishing 0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1000000 1200000 E-books Print books Total Numberofbooks 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Note: United States; 2008 to 2017 Further information regarding this statistic can be found on page 120. Source(s): Bowker; Various sources; ID 249036 62 Number of self-published books in the United States from 2008 to 2017, by format Number of self-published books in the U.S. 2008-2017, by format
- 29. ChallengesFacingBookPublishers Robots as authors (currently happening!). The Washington Post, Associated Press, and LA Times use in-house software to create news and social media posts. Shifting from the retail-based business model. Reading habits. Americans spend eight minutes a day reading, while they spend 5.9 hours on digital media (Statista). Platform Partnerships: Publishers consider new models of partnership with the platforms that people use most.
- 30. References “Amazon Already Disrupted the Sale of Print Titles. Up Next: Audiobooks,” Wall Street Journal, February 5, 2018. “Book Publisher Revenue Up 6.2% in First Quarter of 2018,” American Association of Publishers, May 25, 2018. Campbell, Martin, and Fabos. (2014). Media & Culture: Mass Communication in a Digital Age. 10th edition. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s. Hong, G. (2018) Future of Publishing: Challenges and Opportunities for publishers. Book Industry Study Group. Retrieved from https://bisg.org/news/405374/Future-of-Publishing- Challenges-and-Opportunities-for-Publishers.htm#_ftn4 Media Use in the U. S. (2018). Study ID10950. Stitsta Dossier. “Reading Habits in the U.S.,” Statista. 8 minutes a day refers to Americans aged 20-24.