Smart grid.pptx
- 1. • Yastee A. Shah By: • 16IT148 ID NO.: • Data Communication (IT243) Subject:
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- 4. Introduction • The Grid is electric grid that uses information and communication technology to gather data and act on information about the behavior of suppliers and consumers in an automated fashion. • So, allows consumers to interact with the grid. • Principle: Unidirectional power flow from main power plant to consumer, through transmission and distribution networks. 4 * NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards, Release 1.0.
- 5. What Makes a Grid “Smart?” • The digital technology that allows for two-way communication between the utility and its customers, and the sensing along the transmission lines is what makes the grid smart. • Like the Internet, the Smart Grid will consist of controls, computers, automation, and new technologies and equipment working together. 5 *https://www.smartgrid.gov/the_smart_grid/smart_grid.html
- 6. • Attributes: 1. Information-based 2. Communicating 3. Secure 4. Self-healing 5. Reliable 6. Flexible 7. Cost-effective 6
- 8. How it Works At Operating Centre? 8 *https://www.smartgrid.gov/the_smart_grid/smart_grid.html 1
- 9. Comparison Existing Grid • Electromechanical • Few sensors • Manual monitoring and restoration • Failures and blackouts • Limited control • Few customer choices • Centralized generation Smart Grid • Digital • Sensors throughout • Self-monitoring and self- healing • Adaptive and islanding • Pervasive control(spreading) • Many customer choices • Distributed generation 9 Contents *Nick (FCC Energy and Environment Director); speech at, Washington D.C., July 20, 2010.
- 10. Applications • Cyber security • Demand response and consumer energy efficiency: Provide mechanisms to cut energy use during times of peak demand(energy storage). • Distribution grid management • Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI): 2 way communications between meters and business systems. 10
- 11. •Electric transportation: Enable large-scale integration of plug-in electric vehicles. •Network communications: Identify performance metrics and core operational requirements of various Smart Grid applications. •Wide-area situational awareness: Monitoring and display of power-system components over large geographic areas in near real time to optimize management of grid components and performance and respond to problems before disruptions arise. 11 *National Energy Technology Laboratory, US Department of Energy.
- 12. The grid control systems can dynamically adjust the source of power supply according to the whether. 12
- 13. Health Monitor: Phasor measurement unit (PMU) Measure the electrical waves and determine the health of system. Increase reliability by detecting faults early, and prevention of power outages. 13 Contents
- 14. Benefits • More efficient transmission of electricity. • Quicker restoration of electricity after power disturbances. • Reduced operations and management costs for utilities, and ultimately lower power costs for consumers. • Reduced peak demand, which will also help lower electricity rates. • Improved security. 14 2 Contents
- 15. Wireless Sensor Network • The challenges of wireless sensor network in smart grid are, 1. Harsh environmental conditions. 2. Reliability and latency requirements. 3. Packet errors and variable link capacity. 4. Resource constraints. • The interference, affects the quality of wireless sensor network. 15 Contents
- 16. Conclusion • Smart Grid provides intelligent, advanced power control for the next century. • Many new technologies involve for supporting sensing, controlling, human interfaces. • Charging electricity cost is fundamental infrastructure can be implemented similar to stock market in smart grid. 16
- 17. Goal Upgrade the grid in Smart way ! 17 Contents
- 18. Videos for reference • Working at OC: https://www.smartgrid.gov/the_smart_grid/operation_ce nters.html • Application: https://www.smartgrid.gov/the_smart_grid/distribution_i ntelligence.html 18 Back
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